Why I cant create raw socket in Ubuntu?

Question

I'm learning how to work with raw sockets in Linux. I'm trying to create a socket like that:

if ((sd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP)) < 0) {
    perror("socket() failed");
    exit(-1);
}

But all I got after launch is:

socket() failed: Operation not permitted

I know that only root can create raw sockets, but if I run it with SUID bit or sudo - the problem is the same. What's wrong? The system is Ubuntu 11.04.

Maybe I'm including needless headers?

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <unistd.h>

And I'm wondering - why SUID is useless?

Answer 1

My money on you not running your code correctly.

I've copied and pasted your exact code into an empty main(). I get the same error if I run it as myself, but it runs correctly under sudo. This is on Ubuntu.

The code:

#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>

int main()
{ 
  int sd;
  if ((sd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP)) < 0) {
    perror("socket() failed");
    return -1;
  }
  return 0;
} 

Run as myself:

aix@aix:~$ ./a.out 
socket() failed: Operation not permitted
aix@aix:~$

Run as root:

aix@aix:~$ sudo ./a.out 
aix@aix:~$

Answer 2

Header will not affect it in anyway.

Even if you would be adding some more unnecessary files it will not affect the working of the program.

Answer 3

according to man: Only processes with an effective user ID of 0 or the CAP_NET_RAW capability are allowed to open raw sockets

So you could run you application with sudo as was suggested below or set CAP_NET_RAW capability to it (actually you'll need CAP_NET_ADMIN too):

# setcap cap_net_raw,cap_net_admin=eip PATH_TO_YOUR_APPLICATION

Details could be found at http://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/security/linux-privs/kernel-2.4/capfaq-0.2.txt