How to compile thrust and c++ project?

Question

I got big problems about the compile when I want to use thrust and c++ meanwhile.

Here is the project structure(just a test project):

sortbase.h

#include<iostream>
#include <thrust/device_vector.h>
using namespace std;

template<class T>
class SortBase
{
public:
        void Init()
        {
        }
        void resize(const int &x)
        {
                CV.resize(x);
                cout<<"resize succeed!"<<endl;
        }
private: 
        thrust::device_vector<T> CV;
};

sorter.h

#ifndef __SORTER_H__
#define __SORTER_H__
#include <iostream>
#include <thrust/device_vector.h>
#include "sortbase.h"
using namespace std;

template<class T>
void ttest()
{cout<<"tttttttttttttttt";cout<<endl;}
        template<class KEY>
        class Sorter
        {
        public:
                Sorter():CV(NULL)
                {
                        CV=new SortBase<KEY>();
                }
                ~Sorter()
                {
                        if (CV!=NULL)
                        {
                                delete CV;
                                CV=NULL;
                        }
                }
                __host__ __device__
                virtual bool operator()(const KEY& x,const KEY& y)const
                {
                        return (x<y);
                }
                void test()
                {
                        //ttest<KEY>();
                        resize(5);
                }
        private:
                void resize(const int &x)
                {
                        CV->resize(x);
                        cout<<"resize: "<<x<<endl;
                }
        private:
                SortBase<KEY> *CV;
        };

#endif

main.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include "include/sorter.cu"
using namespace std;

int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
        Sorter<int> *sorter=new Sorter<int>();
        sorter->test();
        return 0;
}

What I do like this:

nvcc -c sorter.cu
g++ -c main.cpp -I/usr/local/cuda/include
g++ sorter.o main.o -o sorter

but the second step gives the error message, a lot of warning and error message. who can help me? some warning and error message like these:

/usr/local/cuda/include/thrust/detail/device/cuda/for_each.inl: In function \u2018RandomAccessIterator thrust::detail::device::cuda::for_each_n(RandomAccessIterator, Size, UnaryFunction) [with RandomAccessIterator = thrust::detail::normal_iterator<thrust::device_ptr<int> >, Size = long unsigned int, UnaryFunction = thrust::detail::generate_functor<thrust::detail::fill_functor<int> >]\u2019:
/usr/local/cuda/include/thrust/detail/device/dispatch/for_each.h:56:   instantiated from \u2018RandomAccessIterator thrust::detail::device::dispatch::for_each_n(RandomAccessIterator, Size, UnaryFunction, thrust::detail::cuda_device_space_tag) [with RandomAccessIterator = thrust::detail::normal_iterator<thrust::device_ptr<int> >, Size = long unsigned int, UnaryFunction = thrust::detail::generate_functor<thrust::detail::fill_functor<int> >]\u2019
/usr/local/cuda/include/thrust/detail/device/for_each.inl:43:   instantiated from \u2018OutputIterator thrust::detail::device::for_each_n(OutputIterator, Size, UnaryFunction) [with OutputIterator = thrust::detail::normal_iterator<thrust::device_ptr<int> >, Size = long unsigned int, UnaryFunction = thrust::detail::generate_functor<thrust::detail::fill_functor<int> >]\u2019
/usr/local/cuda/include/thrust/detail/dispatch/for_each.h:84:   instantiated from \u2018OutputIterator thrust::detail::dispatch::for_each_n(OutputIterator, Size, UnaryFunction, thrust::device_space_tag) [with OutputIterator = thrust::detail::normal_iterator<thrust::device_ptr<int> >, Size = long unsigned int, UnaryFunction = thrust::detail::generate_functor<thrust::detail::fill_functor<int> >]\u2019
/usr/local/cuda/include/thrust/detail/for_each.inl:41:   instantiated from \u2018OutputIterator thrust::detail::for_each_n(OutputIterator, Size, UnaryFunction) [with OutputIterator = thrust::detail::normal_iterator<thrust::device_ptr<int> >, Size = long unsigned int, UnaryFunction = thrust::detail::generate_functor<thrust::detail::fill_functor<int> >]\u2019
/usr/local/cuda/include/thrust/detail/generate.inl:47:   instantiated from \u2018OutputIterator thrust::generate_n(OutputIterator, Size, Generator) [with OutputIterator = thrust::detail::normal_iterator<thrust::device_ptr<int> >, Size = long unsigned int, Generator = thrust::detail::fill_functor<int>]\u2019
/usr/local/cuda/include/thrust/detail/device/cuda/fill.inl:87:   instantiated from \u2018OutputIterator thrust::detail::device::cuda::detail::fill_n(OutputIterator, Size, const T&, thrust::detail::false_type) [with OutputIterator = thrust::detail::normal_iterator<thrust::device_ptr<int> >, Size = long unsigned int, T = int]\u2019
/usr/local/cuda/include/thrust/detail/device/cuda/fill.inl:117:   instantiated from \u2018OutputIterator thrust::detail::device::cuda::detail::fill_n(OutputIterator, Size, const T&, thrust::detail::true_type) [with OutputIterator = thrust::detail::normal_iterator<thrust::device_ptr<int> >, Size = long unsigned int, T = int]\u2019
/usr/local/cuda/include/thrust/detail/device/cuda/fill.inl:138:   instantiated from \u2018OutputIterator thrust::detail::device::cuda::fill_n(OutputIterator, Size, const T&) [with OutputIterator = thrust::detail::normal_iterator<thrust::device_ptr<int> >, Size = long unsigned int, T = int]\u2019
/usr/local/cuda/include/thrust/detail/device/dispatch/fill.h:57:   instantiated from \u2018OutputIterator thrust::detail::device::dispatch::fill_n(OutputIterator, Size, const T&, thrust::detail::cuda_device_space_tag) [with OutputIterator = thrust::detail::normal_iterator<thrust::device_ptr<int> >, Size = long unsigned int, T = int]\u2019
/usr/local/cuda/include/thrust/detail/device/fill.inl:47:   instantiated from \u2018OutputIterator thrust::detail::device::fill_n(OutputIterator, Size, const T&) [with OutputIterator = thrust::detail::normal_iterator<thrust::device_ptr<int> >, Size = long unsigned int, T = int]\u2019
/usr/local/cuda/include/thrust/detail/dispatch/fill.h:76:   instantiated from \u2018OutputIterator thrust::detail::dispatch::fill_n(OutputIterator, Size, const T&, thrust::device_space_tag) [with OutputIterator = thrust::detail::normal_iterator<thrust::device_ptr<int> >, Size = long unsigned int, T = int]\u2019
/usr/local/cuda/include/thrust/detail/fill.inl:46:   instantiated from \u2018OutputIterator thrust::fill_n(OutputIterator, Size, const T&) [with OutputIterator = thrust::detail::normal_iterator<thrust::device_ptr<int> >, Size = long unsigned int, T = int]\u2019
/usr/local/cuda/include/thrust/detail/vector_base.inl:757:   instantiated from \u2018void thrust::detail::vector_base<T, Alloc>::fill_insert(typename thrust::detail::contiguous_storage<T, Alloc>::iterator, typename thrust::detail::contiguous_storage<T, Alloc>::size_type, const T&) [with T = int, Alloc = thrust::device_malloc_allocator<int>]\u2019
/usr/local/cuda/include/thrust/detail/vector_base.inl:561:   instantiated from \u2018void thrust::detail::vector_base<T, Alloc>::insert(typename thrust::detail::contiguous_storage<T, Alloc>::iterator, typename thrust::detail::contiguous_storage<T, Alloc>::size_type, const T&) [with T = int, Alloc = thrust::device_malloc_allocator<int>]\u2019
/usr/local/cuda/include/thrust/detail/vector_base.inl:223:   instantiated from \u2018void thrust::detail::vector_base<T, Alloc>::resize(typename thrust::detail::contiguous_storage<T, Alloc>::size_type, typename thrust::detail::contiguous_storage<T, Alloc>::value_type) [with T = int, Alloc = thrust::device_malloc_allocator<int>]\u2019

include/sortbase.h:14:   instantiated from void SortBase<T>::resize(const int&) [with T = int]
include/sorter.cu:40:   instantiated from void Sorter<KEY>::resize(const int&) [with KEY = int]
include/sorter.cu:35:   instantiated from void Sorter<KEY>::test() [with KEY = int]
main.cpp:9:   instantiated from here
/usr/local/cuda/include/thrust/detail/device/cuda/for_each.inl:93: error: invalid     application of sizeof to incomplete type thrust::detail::STATIC_ASSERTION_FAILURE<false>
/usr/local/cuda/include/thrust/detail/device/cuda/arch.h: At global scope:
/usr/local/cuda/include/thrust/detail/device/cuda/arch.h:59: warning: inline function size_t thrust::detail::device::cuda::arch::compute_capability() used but never defined

Answer 1

I think that the problem is you are including your .cu file from a .cpp file. Thrust code can only be used from .cu files, which must be compiled by NVCC, not by the host compiler g++. So you need to move all of your Thrust and CUDA device code inside .cu files in functions that can be called from your .cpp files.

Answer 2

Harrism is right. If you are going to compile a file using gpu, you must use .cu for the file and nvcc like:

nvcc -o test test.cu