Class is not visible unless I declare it in a pack

Question

I have a class AppComponents in AppLoader.scala in projectDir/app

My tests are in projectDir/test/ControllerSpec/UserControllerSpec.scala

In UserControllerSpec.scala, I tried to create an instance of AppComponents but the compiler couldn't find the AppComponents class

override def components: BuiltInComponents = new AppComponents(context) //doesn't compile

But if I include statement package app in Apploader.scala then the compiler is able to find AppComponents and the above code compiles.

I don't understand this behavior.

Answer 1

Top-level definitions outside a packaging are assumed to be injected into a special empty package. That package cannot be named and therefore cannot be imported. However, members of the empty package are visible to each other without qualification.

So AppComponents should only be visible to other classes/traits/etc. outside a package. Because

if I include statement package app in Apploader.scala then the compiler is able to find AppComponents

it looks like UserControllerSpec does declare a package and can't see the empty package's members.

This behavior is probably for consistency with Java, see answers to Import package with no name Java.