Slow ORDER BY in large table

Question

I have problem with ORDER BY clause. When I remove ORDER BY in following query, query is finished in 0.004 seconds. If I keep it, query is running very slow = 56 seconds. It is because MySQL is first grabbing all 500 000 records, then sorting and finally returing only first 18 records.

How can I solve this big table ordering problem ?

Thanks.

Explain: http://img444.imageshack.us/img444/9440/explain.png

SQL Query:

    SELECT `_sd`.`sazbaDPHId`, `_sd`.`sazbaDPH`, `_sd`.`sazbaDPHProcent`, `_zk`.`zboziKategorieId`, `_zk`.`zboziId`, 
    `_zk`.`kategorieId`, `_zk`.`zboziKategoriePoradi`, `_k`.`kategorieId`, `_k`.`kategorieNazev`, `_k`.`kategorieCelyNazev`,
     `_k`.`kategorieKod`, `_k`.`kategorieCesta`, `_k`.`kategoriePopis`, `_k`.`kategorieKeywords`, `_k`.`kategorieRodiceId`, `_k`.`kategoriePoradi`, `_k`.`kategorieSkryta`, `_k`.`kategorieVTopMenu`, `_v`.`vyrobceId`, `_v`.`vyrobceNazev`, `_v`.`vyrobceKod`,
     `_v`.`vyrobceKoeficient`, `_tzvz`.`typZboziVlastnostZboziId`, `_tzvz`.`typZboziId`, `_tzvz`.`vlastnostZboziId`,
     `_vzh`.`vlastnostZboziHodnotaId`, `_vzh`.`zboziId`, `_vzh`.`vlastnostZboziId`, `_vzh`.`vlastnostZboziHodnota`, `zvc`.`zboziVyslCenaId` AS`zvc_zboziVyslCenaId`, `zvc`.`zboziVyslCenaZboziId` AS`zvc_zboziVyslCenaZboziId`, `zvc`.`vyslCena` AS`zvc_vyslCena`,
     `zvc`.`vyslCenaSDPH` AS`zvc_vyslCenaSDPH`, `this`.`zboziId`, `this`.`zboziNazev`, `this`.`zboziKod`, `this`.`zboziIdentifikator`,
     `this`.`zboziPartNum`, `this`.`zboziEAN`, `this`.`zboziPopis`, `this`.`zboziOstatniParametry`, `this`.`zboziInterniInfo`,
     `this`.`zboziProdejniCena`, `this`.`zboziAkcniCena`, `this`.`zboziSetovaCena`, `this`.`zboziMocCena`, `this`.`sazbaDPHId`,
     `this`.`vyrobceId`, `this`.`typZboziId`, `this`.`stavZboziId`, `this`.`skladovaDostupnostId`, `this`.`zdrojCenId`, `this`.`zboziPHE`,
     `this`.`zboziAutorskyPoplatek`, `this`.`zboziVahovyPoplatek`, `this`.`nemenitStavZbozi` 
    FROM `tbl_Zbozi`AS this 
    LEFT JOIN `reg_SazbaDPH`AS _sd ON this.sazbaDPHId = _sd.sazbaDPHId 
    LEFT JOIN `tbl_Zbozi_Kategorie`AS _zk ON this.zboziId = _zk.zboziId 
    LEFT JOIN `tbl_Kategorie`AS _k ON _zk.kategorieId = _k.kategorieId 
    LEFT JOIN `tbl_Vyrobce`AS _v ON this.vyrobceId = _v.vyrobceId 
    LEFT JOIN `tbl_TypZbozi_VlastnostZbozi`AS _tzvz ON this.typZboziId = _tzvz.typZboziId 
    LEFT JOIN `tbl_VlastnostZboziHodnota`AS _vzh ON this.zboziId = _vzh.zboziId AND _vzh.vlastnostZboziId = _tzvz.vlastnostZboziId 
    LEFT JOIN `tbl_Zbozi_VyslCena`AS zvc ON this.zboziId = zvc.zboziVyslCenaZboziId 
    WHERE _k.kategorieId IN (155317, 5570, 155445, 5706, 5707, 155429, 155430, 155431, 5708, 5709, 5710, 155427, 155426, 155428, 11413, 5713,
     5714, 5715, 5716, 5717, 5718, 5719, 5720, 10245, 10253, 11253, 10834, 10269, 10249, 10246, 10247, 10248, 5723, 5725, 5726, 5727, 5728, 5729,         
     155319, 5815, 5816, 5817, 5818, 5819, 5822, 5824, 5832, 11406, 11411, 11410, 11409, 
     6069, 6070, 6072, 6073, 6075, 6078, 6086, 11414, 6185, 155433, 6186, 6187, 6188, 6190, 6191, 6193, 6198, 6199, 6200, 6201, 6202, 6203, 6207,
     6209, 11442, 6210, 6211, 6212, 6215, 6216, 6217, 6218, 6219, 6220, 155366, 6221, 11339, 11340, 11341, 11359, 6222, 6223, 6224, 6225, 6226,
     6227, 6228, 11099, 155376, 6231, 6232, 6233, 6234, 6235, 6236, 155391, 155392, 155437, 6237, 6238, 6241, 6243, 6244, 6245, 6246, 6247, 6248,
     6249, 6250, 6251, 6252, 6253, 6254, 6256, 6257, 6258, 6259, 6260, 6261, 10839, 155362, 6262, 6263, 6264, 6265, 155361, 6267, 6269, 11390,
     11346, 11112, 11394, 11397, 155393, 6270, 11436, 10292, 6271, 6272, 6275, 6277, 6278, 6279, 6280, 6281, 11348, 10288, 11113, 6283, 6284,
     6285, 6287, 155494, 11114, 6292, 6293, 6294, 6295, 6296, 6297, 6298, 6300, 6301, 6302, 6303, 6304, 11116, 6305, 10781, 6306, 6307, 6308,
     6309, 6310, 6311, 6313, 6314, 6315, 6316, 6317, 6318, 6327, 6328, 155451, 6333, 6334, 6335, 6337, 6340, 6342, 6343, 6344, 6345, 6346, 11344,
     11389, 10289, 10291, 10302, 10303, 10304, 10294, 10306, 10300, 10305, 10293, 10299, 10298, 10290, 10296, 10297, 11454, 11100, 11101,
     11117, 131475, 11402, 5680, 5684, 5685, 5686, 5687, 5688, 5689, 11383, 5702, 5703, 5704, 5705) 
AND stavZboziId IN (2)
AND zvc.zboziVyslCenaSkupinaId = '8'
ORDER BY _k.kategoriePoradi ASC LIMIT 18

Answer 1

it still has to sort 500,000 records to find your 18 so it will be alot slower, you can speed it up by adding indexes to your kategoriePoradi column in your tables

Answer 2

How else could it work? If it applied the order after selecting the 18 records you would get the top 18 records in the default order, which it would then sort.

You might get better performance by inserting all the values in your IN statement into a temp table and then joining to the temp table.