Yesterday I have installed Visual Studio 2012 Premium on my SharePoint 2013 Development Machine. I also installed the Office Developer Tools to get the SP2013 Project templates.
Opening my SP 2010 Solution File and converting to 2013 was successful.
My problem: There is no "Deploy"-Button in the Project-Context-Menu anymore. Everything is there: Build, Rebuild, Retract etc.
But no Deploy.
I had the same problem.
I started by creating some solutions folders, and placing my SharePoint project in those. After moving a project from root --> frontend\ , the deploy menu item, in the context menu of the project disappeared.
I solved this, I had to move the SharePoint project to the root-folder of the solution, and the deployment feature re-appeared in the project context menu.