As of the time of this writing, Google does not provide a USB driver (for Windows) for the Nexus 5. The usual link (http://developer.android.com/sdk/win-usb.html) shows Windows USB drivers for several of the Nexus's line. However, the "Nexus 5" is not included. Note that the Nexus "S" (letter-S, not number-5) IS supported.
Also, from this site, the latest version of the current download is version-8, July-17-2013. When I compare this with its predecessor, version-7, the files are the same.
Until Google fixes this, what are we to do? How can we debug and develop for the Nexus 5?
I found a solution in How I fixed the MTP issues on Nexus 7.
Another way of fixing this on Windows 8: This problem may happen, because you have the Google ADB driver from the Android SDK installed. Windows will pick the ADB driver over the MTP driver, even when USB debugging is turned off on the Nexus 7. It also comes back when you upgrade from Windows 8 to Windows 8.1. To fix this:
It was confirmed working with the Nexus 7 2013 as well.
I installed the LG United Mobile Driver, and I was finally able to get ADB to recognize my device.
I have a solution.
I updated the file android_winusb.inf to reflect the VID and PID of the Nexus-5. Now it loads the generic driver and supports ADB in Eclipse.
Note, after any previous attempts you may have made, go to Device Manager and update the driver for the "Nexus 5" (showing with a yellow exclamation mark).
You have to navigate over to the USB driver directory, which on my machine was: C:\Users\Xxxxxxxxx\android-sdk\extras\google\usa_driver
In that directory, edit file android_winusb.inf in both the x86 and amd64 sections and insert one line:
This was enough for me to get this to work.
Here is the content of my file:
I had the same problem too. In the Device Manager all drivers were OK, but Eclipse couldn't find the device. Even after updating the Google USB drivers with the SDK Manager.
The problem was that I didn't have the developer options enabled. For that I came here, How to Enable Developer Options on the Nexus 5 & KitKat.
Then I had to manualy update the Google USB drivers, see Download and Install Google Nexus 5 USB Drivers (ADB / Fastboot).
After that, my installation of Eclipse recognized my device.
This answer is for those with windows 8.1N! (and maybe all N versions)
The short answer is install Media Feature Pack for N and KN versions of Windows 8.1
Big thanks to Matej Drolc that had it solved in hit blog post here.
I had similar problems as people here with Nexus 5 on Windows 7. No .inf file edits were needed, my computer was stuck on an old version of the Google USB drivers (7.0.0.1). Windows 7 refused to install the newer version even if I tried to manually select the directory or .inf file. Had to manually delete specific cached .inf files in WINDOWS\inf folder, follow directions here: http://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=62365#c7
Also be sure USB debugging is turned on in developer options. There's a trick to expose the developer options, click 7 times on the build number at the bottom of the "About Phone" information!