Linux shell script for database backup

Question

I tried many scripts for database backup but I couldn't make it. I want to backup my database every hour.
I added files to "/etc/cron.hourly/" folder, changed its chmod to 755, but it didn't run. At least I write my pseudo code.

I would be happy if you can write a script for this operation and tell me what should I do more ? After adding this script file to /etc/cron.hourly/ folder.

• Get current date and create a variable, date=date(d_m_y_H_M_S)
• Create a variable for the file name, filename="$date".gz
• Get the dump of my database like this mysqldump --user=my_user --password=my_pass --default-character-set=utf8 my_database | gzip > "/var/www/vhosts/system/example.com/httpdocs/backups/$("filename")
• Delete all files in the folder /var/www/vhosts/system/example.com/httpdocs/backups/ that are older than 8 days
• To the file "/var/www/vhosts/system/example.com/httpdocs/backup_log.txt", this text will be written: Backup is created at $("date")
• Change the file owners (chown) from root to "my_user". Because I want to open the backup and log files from the "my_user" FTP account.
• I don't want an email after each cron. >/dev/null 2>&1 will be added.

Answer 1

#!/bin/bash

# Add your backup dir location, password, mysql location and mysqldump        location
DATE=$(date +%d-%m-%Y)
BACKUP_DIR="/var/www/back"
MYSQL_USER="root"
MYSQL_PASSWORD=""
MYSQL='/usr/bin/mysql'
MYSQLDUMP='/usr/bin/mysqldump'
DB='demo'

#to empty the backup directory and delete all previous backups
rm -r $BACKUP_DIR/*  

mysqldump -u root -p'' demo | gzip -9 > $BACKUP_DIR/demo$date_format.sql.$DATE.gz

#changing permissions of directory 
chmod -R 777 $BACKUP_DIR

Answer 2

Create a script similar to this:

#!/bin/sh -e

location=~/`date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S`.db

mysqldump -u root --password=<your password> database_name > $location

gzip $location

Then you can edit the crontab of the user that the script is going to run as:

$> crontab -e

And append the entry

01 * * * * ~/script_path.sh

This will make it run on the first minute of every hour every day.

Then you just have to add in your rolls and other functionality and you are good to go.

Answer 3

You might consider this Open Source tool, matiri, https://github.com/AAFC-MBB/matiri which is a concurrent mysql backup script with metadata in Sqlite3. Features:

• Multi-Server: Multiple MySQL servers are supported whether they are co-located on the same or separate physical servers.
• Parallel: Each database on the server to be backed up is done separately, in parallel (concurrency settable: default: 3)
• Compressed: Each database backup compressed
• Checksummed: SHA256 of each compressed backup file stored and the archive of all files
• Archived: All database backups tar'ed together into single file
• Recorded: Backup information stored in Sqlite3 database

Full disclosure: original matiri author.

Answer 4

After hours and hours work, I created a solution like the below. I copy paste for other people that can benefit.

First create a script file and give this file executable permission.

# cd /etc/cron.daily/
# touch /etc/cron.daily/dbbackup-daily.sh
# chmod 755 /etc/cron.daily/dbbackup-daily.sh
# vi /etc/cron.daily/dbbackup-daily.sh

Then copy following lines into file with Shift+Ins

#!/bin/sh
now="$(date +'%d_%m_%Y_%H_%M_%S')"
filename="db_backup_$now".gz
backupfolder="/var/www/vhosts/example.com/httpdocs/backups"
fullpathbackupfile="$backupfolder/$filename"
logfile="$backupfolder/"backup_log_"$(date +'%Y_%m')".txt
echo "mysqldump started at $(date +'%d-%m-%Y %H:%M:%S')" >> "$logfile"
mysqldump --user=mydbuser --password=mypass --default-character-set=utf8 mydatabase | gzip > "$fullpathbackupfile"
echo "mysqldump finished at $(date +'%d-%m-%Y %H:%M:%S')" >> "$logfile"
chown myuser "$fullpathbackupfile"
chown myuser "$logfile"
echo "file permission changed" >> "$logfile"
find "$backupfolder" -name db_backup_* -mtime +8 -exec rm {} \;
echo "old files deleted" >> "$logfile"
echo "operation finished at $(date +'%d-%m-%Y %H:%M:%S')" >> "$logfile"
echo "*****************" >> "$logfile"
exit 0

Edit:
If you use InnoDB and backup takes too much time, you can add "single-transaction" argument to prevent locking. So mysqldump line will be like this:

mysqldump --user=mydbuser --password=mypass --default-character-set=utf8
          --single-transaction mydatabase | gzip > "$fullpathbackupfile"

Answer 5

As a DBA, You must schedule the backup of MySQL Database in case of any issues so that you can recover your databases from the current backup.

Here, we are using mysqldump to take the backup of mysql databases and the same you can put into the script.

[orahow@oradbdb DB_Backup]$ cat .backup_script.sh

#!/bin/bash
# Database credentials
user="root"
password="1Loginxx"
db_name="orahowdb"
v_cnt=0
logfile_path=/DB_Backup
touch "$logfile_path/orahowdb_backup.log"
# Other options
backup_path="/DB_Backup"
date=$(date +"%d-%b-%Y-%H-%M-%p")
# Set default file permissions

Continue Reading .... MySQL Backup

Answer 6

I got the same issue. But I manage to write a script. Hope this would help.

#!/bin/bash
# Database credentials
user="username"
password="password"
host="localhost"
db_name="dbname"
# Other options
backup_path="/DB/DB_Backup"
date=$(date +"%d-%b-%Y")
# Set default file permissions
umask 177
# Dump database into SQL file
mysqldump --user=$user --password=$password --host=$host $db_name >$backup_path/$db_name-$date.sql

# Delete files older than 30 days
find $backup_path/* -mtime +30 -exec rm {} \;


#DB backup log
echo -e "$(date +'%d-%b-%y  %r '):ALERT:Database has been Backuped"    >>/var/log/DB_Backup.log