Correct way to write loops for promise.

Question

How to correctly construct a loop to make sure the following promise call and the chained logger.log(res) runs synchronously through iteration? (bluebird)

db.getUser(email).then(function(res) { logger.log(res); }); // this is a promise

I tried the following way (method from http://blog.victorquinn.com/javascript-promise-while-loop )

var Promise = require('bluebird');

var promiseWhile = function(condition, action) {
    var resolver = Promise.defer();

    var loop = function() {
        if (!condition()) return resolver.resolve();
        return Promise.cast(action())
            .then(loop)
            .catch(resolver.reject);
    };

    process.nextTick(loop);

    return resolver.promise;
});

var count = 0;
promiseWhile(function() {
    return count < 10;
}, function() {
    return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
        db.getUser(email)
          .then(function(res) { 
              logger.log(res); 
              count++;
              resolve();
          });
    }); 
}).then(function() {
    console.log('all done');
}); 

Although it seems to work, but I don't think it guarantees the order of calling logger.log(res);

Any suggestions?

Answer 1

Here's how I do it with the standard Promise object.

// Given async function sayHi
function sayHi() {
  return new Promise((resolve) => {
    setTimeout(() => {
      console.log('Hi');
      resolve();
    }, 3000);
  });
}

// And an array of async functions to loop through
const asyncArray = [sayHi, sayHi, sayHi];

// We create the start of a promise chain
let chain = Promise.resolve();

// And append each function in the array to the promise chain
for (const func of asyncArray) {
  chain = chain.then(func);
}

// Output:
// Hi
// Hi (After 3 seconds)
// Hi (After 3 more seconds)

Answer 2

I don't think it guarantees the order of calling logger.log(res);

Actually, it does. That statement is executed before the resolve call.

Any suggestions?

Lots. The most important is your use of the create-promise-manually antipattern - just do only

promiseWhile(…, function() {
    return db.getUser(email)
             .then(function(res) { 
                 logger.log(res); 
                 count++;
             });
})…

Second, that while function could be simplified a lot:

var promiseWhile = Promise.method(function(condition, action) {
    if (!condition()) return;
    return action().then(promiseWhile.bind(null, condition, action));
});

Third, I would not use a while loop (with a closure variable) but a for loop:

var promiseFor = Promise.method(function(condition, action, value) {
    if (!condition(value)) return value;
    return action(value).then(promiseFor.bind(null, condition, action));
});

promiseFor(function(count) {
    return count < 10;
}, function(count) {
    return db.getUser(email)
             .then(function(res) { 
                 logger.log(res); 
                 return ++count;
             });
}, 0).then(console.log.bind(console, 'all done'));

Answer 3

There is a new way to solve this and it's by using async/await.

async function myFunction() {
  while(/* my condition */) {
    const res = await db.getUser(email);
    logger.log(res);
  }
}

myFunction().then(() => {
  /* do other stuff */
})

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/async_function https://ponyfoo.com/articles/understanding-javascript-async-await

Answer 4

If you really want a general promiseWhen() function for this and other purposes, then by all means do so, using Bergi's simplifications. However, because of the way promises work, passing callbacks in this way is generally unnecessary and forces you to jump through complex little hoops.

As far as I can tell you're trying :

• to asynchronously fetch a series of user details for a collection of email addresses (at least, that's the only scenario that makes sense).
• to do so by building a .then() chain via recursion.
• to maintain the original order when handling the returned results.

Defined thus, the problem is actually the one discussed under "The Collection Kerfuffle" in Promise Anti-patterns, which offers two simple solutions :

• parallel asynchronous calls using Array.prototype.map()
• serial asynchronous calls using Array.prototype.reduce().

The parallel approach will (straightforwardly) give the issue that you are trying to avoid - that the order of the responses is uncertain. The serial approach will build the required .then() chain - flat - no recursion.

function fetchUserDetails(arr) {
    return arr.reduce(function(promise, email) {
        return promise.then(function() {
            return db.getUser(email).done(function(res) {
                logger.log(res);
            });
        });
    }, Promise.resolve());
}

Call as follows :

//Compose here, by whatever means, an array of email addresses.
var arrayOfEmailAddys = [...];

fetchUserDetails(arrayOfEmailAddys).then(function() {
    console.log('all done');
});

As you can see, there's no need for the ugly outer var count or it's associated condition function. The limit (of 10 in the question) is determined entirely by the length of the array arrayOfEmailAddys.

Answer 5

Given

• asyncFn function
• array of items

Required

• promise chaining .then()'s in series (in order)
• native es6

Solution

let asyncFn = (item) => {
  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    setTimeout( () => {console.log(item); resolve(true)}, 1000 )
  })
}

// asyncFn('a')
// .then(()=>{return async('b')})
// .then(()=>{return async('c')})
// .then(()=>{return async('d')})

let a = ['a','b','c','d']

a.reduce((previous, current, index, array) => {
  return previous                                    // initiates the promise chain
  .then(()=>{return asyncFn(array[index])})      //adds .then() promise for each item
}, Promise.resolve())

Answer 6

I'd make something like this:

var request = []
while(count<10){
   request.push(db.getUser(email).then(function(res) { return res; }));
   count++
};

Promise.all(request).then((dataAll)=>{
  for (var i = 0; i < dataAll.length; i++) {

      logger.log(dataAll[i]); 
  }  
});

in this way, dataAll is an ordered array of all element to log. And log operation will perform when all promises are done.