Priority queue in .Net [closed]

Question

I am looking for a .NET implementation of a priority queue or heap data structure

Priority queues are data structures that provide more flexibility than simple sorting, because they allow new elements to enter a system at arbitrary intervals. It is much more cost-effective to insert a new job into a priority queue than to re-sort everything on each such arrival.

The basic priority queue supports three primary operations:

• Insert(Q,x). Given an item x with key k, insert it into the priority queue Q.
• Find-Minimum(Q). Return a pointer to the item whose key value is smaller than any other key in the priority queue Q.
• Delete-Minimum(Q). Remove the item from the priority queue Q whose key is minimum

Unless I am looking in the wrong place, there isn't one in the framework. Is anyone aware of a good one, or should I roll my own?

Answer 1

I like using the OrderedBag and OrderedSet classes in PowerCollections as priority queues.

Answer 2

Use a Java to C# translator on the Java implementation (java.util.PriorityQueue) in the Java Collections framework, or more intelligently use the algorithm and core code and plug it into a C# class of your own making that adheres to the C# Collections framework API for Queues, or at least Collections.

Answer 3

here's one i just wrote, maybe it's not as optimized (just uses a sorted dictionary) but simple to understand. you can insert objects of different kinds, so no generic queues.

using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace PrioQueue
{
    public class PrioQueue
    {
        int total_size;
        SortedDictionary<int, Queue> storage;

        public PrioQueue ()
        {
            this.storage = new SortedDictionary<int, Queue> ();
            this.total_size = 0;
        }

        public bool IsEmpty ()
        {
            return (total_size == 0);
        }

        public object Dequeue ()
        {
            if (IsEmpty ()) {
                throw new Exception ("Please check that priorityQueue is not empty before dequeing");
            } else
                foreach (Queue q in storage.Values) {
                    // we use a sorted dictionary
                    if (q.Count > 0) {
                        total_size--;
                        return q.Dequeue ();
                    }
                }

                Debug.Assert(false,"not supposed to reach here. problem with changing total_size");

                return null; // not supposed to reach here.
        }

        // same as above, except for peek.

        public object Peek ()
        {
            if (IsEmpty ())
                throw new Exception ("Please check that priorityQueue is not empty before peeking");
            else
                foreach (Queue q in storage.Values) {
                    if (q.Count > 0)
                        return q.Peek ();
                }

                Debug.Assert(false,"not supposed to reach here. problem with changing total_size");

                return null; // not supposed to reach here.
        }

        public object Dequeue (int prio)
        {
            total_size--;
            return storage[prio].Dequeue ();
        }

        public void Enqueue (object item, int prio)
        {
            if (!storage.ContainsKey (prio)) {
                storage.Add (prio, new Queue ());
              }
            storage[prio].Enqueue (item);
            total_size++;

        }
    }
}

Answer 4

class PriorityQueue<T>
{
    IComparer<T> comparer;
    T[] heap;
    public int Count { get; private set; }
    public PriorityQueue() : this(null) { }
    public PriorityQueue(int capacity) : this(capacity, null) { }
    public PriorityQueue(IComparer<T> comparer) : this(16, comparer) { }
    public PriorityQueue(int capacity, IComparer<T> comparer)
    {
        this.comparer = (comparer == null) ? Comparer<T>.Default : comparer;
        this.heap = new T[capacity];
    }
    public void push(T v)
    {
        if (Count >= heap.Length) Array.Resize(ref heap, Count * 2);
        heap[Count] = v;
        SiftUp(Count++);
    }
    public T pop()
    {
        var v = top();
        heap[0] = heap[--Count];
        if (Count > 0) SiftDown(0);
        return v;
    }
    public T top()
    {
        if (Count > 0) return heap[0];
        throw new InvalidOperationException("优先队列为空");
    }
    void SiftUp(int n)
    {
        var v = heap[n];
        for (var n2 = n / 2; n > 0 && comparer.Compare(v, heap[n2]) > 0; n = n2, n2 /= 2) heap[n] = heap[n2];
        heap[n] = v;
    }
    void SiftDown(int n)
    {
        var v = heap[n];
        for (var n2 = n * 2; n2 < Count; n = n2, n2 *= 2)
        {
            if (n2 + 1 < Count && comparer.Compare(heap[n2 + 1], heap[n2]) > 0) n2++;
            if (comparer.Compare(v, heap[n2]) >= 0) break;
            heap[n] = heap[n2];
        }
        heap[n] = v;
    }
}

easy.

Answer 5

A Simple Max Heap Implementation.

https://github.com/bharathkumarms/AlgorithmsMadeEasy/blob/master/AlgorithmsMadeEasy/MaxHeap.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;

namespace AlgorithmsMadeEasy
{
    class MaxHeap
    {
        private static int capacity = 10;
        private int size = 0;
        int[] items = new int[capacity];

        private int getLeftChildIndex(int parentIndex) { return 2 * parentIndex + 1; }
        private int getRightChildIndex(int parentIndex) { return 2 * parentIndex + 2; }
        private int getParentIndex(int childIndex) { return (childIndex - 1) / 2; }

        private int getLeftChild(int parentIndex) { return this.items[getLeftChildIndex(parentIndex)]; }
        private int getRightChild(int parentIndex) { return this.items[getRightChildIndex(parentIndex)]; }
        private int getParent(int childIndex) { return this.items[getParentIndex(childIndex)]; }

        private bool hasLeftChild(int parentIndex) { return getLeftChildIndex(parentIndex) < size; }
        private bool hasRightChild(int parentIndex) { return getRightChildIndex(parentIndex) < size; }
        private bool hasParent(int childIndex) { return getLeftChildIndex(childIndex) > 0; }

        private void swap(int indexOne, int indexTwo)
        {
            int temp = this.items[indexOne];
            this.items[indexOne] = this.items[indexTwo];
            this.items[indexTwo] = temp;
        }

        private void hasEnoughCapacity()
        {
            if (this.size == capacity)
            {
                Array.Resize(ref this.items,capacity*2);
                capacity *= 2;
            }
        }

        public void Add(int item)
        {
            this.hasEnoughCapacity();
            this.items[size] = item;
            this.size++;
            heapifyUp();
        }

        public int Remove()
        {
            int item = this.items[0];
            this.items[0] = this.items[size-1];
            this.items[this.size - 1] = 0;
            size--;
            heapifyDown();
            return item;
        }

        private void heapifyUp()
        {
            int index = this.size - 1;
            while (hasParent(index) && this.items[index] > getParent(index))
            {
                swap(index, getParentIndex(index));
                index = getParentIndex(index);
            }
        }

        private void heapifyDown()
        {
            int index = 0;
            while (hasLeftChild(index))
            {
                int bigChildIndex = getLeftChildIndex(index);
                if (hasRightChild(index) && getLeftChild(index) < getRightChild(index))
                {
                    bigChildIndex = getRightChildIndex(index);
                }

                if (this.items[bigChildIndex] < this.items[index])
                {
                    break;
                }
                else
                {
                    swap(bigChildIndex,index);
                    index = bigChildIndex;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

/*
Calling Code:
    MaxHeap mh = new MaxHeap();
    mh.Add(10);
    mh.Add(5);
    mh.Add(2);
    mh.Add(1);
    mh.Add(50);
    int maxVal  = mh.Remove();
    int newMaxVal = mh.Remove();
*/

Answer 6

The following implementation of a PriorityQueue uses SortedSet from the System library.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace CDiggins
{
    interface IPriorityQueue<T, K> where K : IComparable<K>
    {
        bool Empty { get; }
        void Enqueue(T x, K key);
        void Dequeue();
        T Top { get; }
    }

    class PriorityQueue<T, K> : IPriorityQueue<T, K> where K : IComparable<K>
    {
        SortedSet<Tuple<T, K>> set;

        class Comparer : IComparer<Tuple<T, K>> {
            public int Compare(Tuple<T, K> x, Tuple<T, K> y) {
                return x.Item2.CompareTo(y.Item2);
            }
        }

        PriorityQueue() { set = new SortedSet<Tuple<T, K>>(new Comparer()); }
        public bool Empty { get { return set.Count == 0;  } }
        public void Enqueue(T x, K key) { set.Add(Tuple.Create(x, key)); }
        public void Dequeue() { set.Remove(set.Max); }
        public T Top { get { return set.Max.Item1; } }
    }
}