I've setup an application in Azure AD Premium and made user assignment required to access the application. I've added custom app roles to the application manifest. I can assign users with a role to the application.
How can you get a list of all users that are assigned to the application and their assigned role?
Azure portal (preview)
In the new Azure portal, under "Enterprise applications" > (your app) > "Users and groups", you'll now see only the list of users who are assigned to the application, as well as the app role they are assigned to. You can also filter and sort by app role. Here's an example:
Note: As of September 2016, the Azure AD management experience in the new Azure portal is in preview.
Classic Azure portal
Under and application's "Users and groups" you can list all users (and what their assignment state is), as well as all groups:
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PowerShell
Using the new preview (as of Sept 2016) Azure AD PowerShell module, you can use the following example:
Azure AD Graph API
With Azure AD Graph API, you can do the equivalent of what the PowerShell script does, above (in fact, the new Azure AD PowerShell module uses Azure AD Graph API for the majority of the requests).
List all service principals:
List a service principal's app role assignments: