Scale Image Using PHP and Maintaining Aspect Ratio

Question

Basically I want to upload an image (which i've sorted) and scale it down to certain constraints such as max width and height but maintain the aspect ratio of the original image.

I don't have Imagick installed on the server - otherwise this would be easy.

Any help is appreciated as always. Thanks.

EDIT: I don't need the whole code or anything, just a push in the right direction would be fantastic.

Answer 1

I was thinking about how to achieve this and i came with a pretty nice solution that works in any case... Lets say you want to resize heavy images that users upload to your site but you need it to maintain the ratio. So i came up with this :

<?php
// File 
$filename = 'test.jpg';



// Get sizes
list($width, $height) = getimagesize($filename);
//obtain ratio
$imageratio = $width/$height;

if($imageratio >= 1){
    $newwidth = 600;
    $newheight = 600 / $imageratio; 
}
else{
     $newidth = 400;
     $newheight = 400 / $imageratio;
};




// Load
$thumb = imagecreatetruecolor($newwidth, $newheight);
$source = imagecreatefromjpeg($filename);

// Resize
imagecopyresized($thumb, $source, 0, 0, 0, 0, $newwidth, $newheight, $width, 
$height);

// Output
imagejpeg($thumb, "img/test.jpg");
imagedestroy();
?>

In this case if width is bigger than height, i wanted the width to be 600px and if the height was bigger than the width, i wanted the width to be 400px

Answer 2

I know you are looking for a divisor that will allow resize your image proportionally. Check this demo

How to get our divisor mathematically

lets assume our original image has width x and height y; x=300 and y = 700

Maximum height and maximum width is 200;

First, we will check which dimension of the image is greater than the other. Our height (y) is greater than width(x)

Secondly, we check if our height is greater than our maximum height. For our case, our height is greater than the maximum height. In a case where it less that the maximum height, we set our new height to our original height.

Finally, we look for our divisor as shown below

if y is set to maximum height 200 and max-y=200;
y=max-y, that is 
if y=max-y
what about 
x=?
that is, 
if 700 is resized to 200
what about 300?
700=200
300=?
new width = (200 (new height) * 300(width)) / 700 (height)
so our divisor is
divisor= new height (300) / height(700) 
new width = divisor * width or width / (1/divisor)

and vice versa for the width if it greater than height

if ($width > $height) {
    if($width < $max_width)
        $newwidth = $width;

    else

    $newwidth = $max_width; 


    $divisor = $width / $newwidth;
    $newheight = floor( $height / $divisor);
}
else {

     if($height < $max_height)
         $newheight = $height;
     else
         $newheight =  $max_height;

    $divisor = $height / $newheight;
    $newwidth = floor( $width / $divisor );
}

See the full example and try it using the working demo .

Answer 3

I had written a peice of code like this for another project I've done. I've copied it below, might need a bit of tinkering! (It does required the GD library)

These are the parameters it needs:

$image_name - Name of the image which is uploaded
$new_width - Width of the resized photo (maximum)
$new_height - Height of the resized photo (maximum)
$uploadDir - Directory of the original image
$moveToDir - Directory to save the resized image

It will scale down or up an image to the maximum width or height

function createThumbnail($image_name,$new_width,$new_height,$uploadDir,$moveToDir)
{
    $path = $uploadDir . '/' . $image_name;

    $mime = getimagesize($path);

    if($mime['mime']=='image/png') { 
        $src_img = imagecreatefrompng($path);
    }
    if($mime['mime']=='image/jpg' || $mime['mime']=='image/jpeg' || $mime['mime']=='image/pjpeg') {
        $src_img = imagecreatefromjpeg($path);
    }   

    $old_x          =   imageSX($src_img);
    $old_y          =   imageSY($src_img);

    if($old_x > $old_y) 
    {
        $thumb_w    =   $new_width;
        $thumb_h    =   $old_y*($new_height/$old_x);
    }

    if($old_x < $old_y) 
    {
        $thumb_w    =   $old_x*($new_width/$old_y);
        $thumb_h    =   $new_height;
    }

    if($old_x == $old_y) 
    {
        $thumb_w    =   $new_width;
        $thumb_h    =   $new_height;
    }

    $dst_img        =   ImageCreateTrueColor($thumb_w,$thumb_h);

    imagecopyresampled($dst_img,$src_img,0,0,0,0,$thumb_w,$thumb_h,$old_x,$old_y); 


    // New save location
    $new_thumb_loc = $moveToDir . $image_name;

    if($mime['mime']=='image/png') {
        $result = imagepng($dst_img,$new_thumb_loc,8);
    }
    if($mime['mime']=='image/jpg' || $mime['mime']=='image/jpeg' || $mime['mime']=='image/pjpeg') {
        $result = imagejpeg($dst_img,$new_thumb_loc,80);
    }

    imagedestroy($dst_img); 
    imagedestroy($src_img);

    return $result;
}

Answer 4

Actually the accepted solution it is not the correct solution. The reason is simple: there will be cases when the ratio of the source image and the ratio of the destination image will be different. Any calculation should reflect this difference.

Please note the relevant lines from the example given on PHP.net website:

$ratio_orig = $width_orig/$height_orig;

if ($width/$height > $ratio_orig) {
   $width = $height*$ratio_orig;
} else {
   $height = $width/$ratio_orig;
}

The full example may be found here: http://php.net/manual/en/function.imagecopyresampled.php

There are other answers (with examples) on stackoverflow to similar questions (the same question formulated in a different manner) that suffer of the same problem.

Example:

Let's say we have an image of 1630 x 2400 pixels that we want to be auto resized keeping the aspect ratio to 160 x 240. Let's do some math taking the accepted solution:

if($old_x < $old_y) 
    {
        $thumb_w    =   $old_x*($new_width/$old_y);
        $thumb_h    =   $new_height;
    }

height = 240 width = 1630 * ( 160/2400 ) = 1630 * 0.0666666666666667 = 108.6666666666667 108.6 x 240 it's not the correct solution.

The next solution proposed is the following:

if($old_x < $old_y)
    {
        $thumb_w    =   $old_x/$old_y*$newHeight;
        $thumb_h    =   $newHeight;
    }

height = 240; width = 1630 / 2400 * 240 = 163 It is better (as it maintain the aspect ratio), but it exceeded the maximum accepted width.

Both fail.

We do the math according to the solution proposed by PHP.net: width = 160 height = 160/(1630 / 2400) = 160/0.6791666666666667 = 235.5828220858896 (the else clause). 160 x 236 (rounded) is the correct answer.

Answer 5

<?php
Class ResizedImage
{
    public $imgfile;
    public $string      = '';
    public $new_width   = 0;
    public $new_height  = 0;
    public $angle       = 0;
    public $max_font_size = 1000;
    public $cropped = false;//whether crop the original image if h or w > new h or w
    public $font = 'fonts/arialbd.ttf';

    private $img;
    private $trans_colour;
    private $orange;
    private $white; 
    private $whitetr;
    private $blacktr;

    public function PrintAsBase64()
    {
        $this->SetImage();
        ob_start();
        imagepng($this->img);
        $b64img = ob_get_contents();
        ob_clean();
        imagedestroy($this->img);
        $b64img = base64_encode($b64img);
        echo($b64img);
    }
    public function PrintAsImage()
    {
        $this->SetImage();

        header('Content-type: image/png');

        imagepng($this->img);
        imagedestroy($this->img);
    }

    private function SetImage()
    {
        if ($this->imgfile == '') {$this->imgfile='NoImageAvailable.jpg';}
        $this->img          = imagecreatefromstring(file_get_contents($this->imgfile));
        $this->trans_colour = imagecolorallocatealpha($this->img, 0, 0, 0, 127);
        $this->orange       = imagecolorallocate($this->img, 220, 210, 60);
        $this->white        = imagecolorallocate($this->img, 255,255, 255);
        $this->whitetr      = imagecolorallocatealpha($this->img, 255,255, 255, 95);
        $this->blacktr      = imagecolorallocatealpha($this->img, 0, 0, 0, 95);

        if ((!$this->cropped) && ($this->string !=''))
        {$this->watermarkimage();}

        if (($this->new_height > 0) && ($this->new_width > 0)) {$this->ResizeImage();};

        if (($this->cropped) && ($this->string !=''))
        {$this->watermarkimage();}

        imageAlphaBlending($this->img, true);
        imageSaveAlpha($this->img, true);
    }
    ////
    private function ResizeImage()
    {
        # v_fact and h_fact are the factor by which the original vertical / horizontal
        # image sizes should be multiplied to get the image to your target size.
        $v_fact = $this->new_height / imagesy($this->img);//target_height / im_height; 
        $h_fact = $this->new_width / imagesx($this->img);//target_width / im_width;
        # you want to resize the image by the same factor in both vertical 
        # and horizontal direction, so you need to pick the correct factor from
        # v_fact / h_fact so that the largest (relative to target) of the new height/width
        # equals the target height/width and the smallest is lower than the target.
        # this is the lowest of the two factors
        if($this->cropped) 
        {   $im_fact = max($v_fact, $h_fact);   }
        else
        {   $im_fact = min($v_fact, $h_fact);   }

        $new_height = round(imagesy($this->img) * $im_fact);
        $new_width  = round(imagesx($this->img) * $im_fact);

        $img2 = $this->img;     
        $this->img = imagecreatetruecolor($new_width, $new_height);     
        imagecopyresampled($this->img, $img2, 0, 0, 0, 0, $new_width, $new_height, imagesx($img2), imagesy($img2));

        $img2 = $this->img;     
        $this->img = imagecreatetruecolor($this->new_width, $this->new_height);
        imagefill($this->img, 0, 0, $this->trans_colour);

        $dstx = 0;
        $dsty = 0;
        if ($this->cropped)
        {
            if (imagesx($this->img) < imagesx($img2))
            {   $dstx = round((imagesx($this->img)-imagesx($img2))/2); }

            if (imagesy($this->img) < imagesy($img2))
            {   $dsty = round((imagesy($this->img)-imagesy($img2))/2); }
        }
        else
        {
            if (imagesx($this->img) > imagesx($img2))
            {   $dstx = round((imagesx($this->img)-imagesx($img2))/2); }

            if (imagesy($this->img) > imagesy($img2))
            {   $dsty = round((imagesy($this->img)-imagesy($img2))/2); }
        }

        imagecopy ( $this->img, $img2, $dstx, $dsty, 0, 0, imagesx($img2) , imagesy($img2));
        imagedestroy($img2);        
    }   

    ////

    private function calculateTextBox($text,$fontFile,$fontSize,$fontAngle) 
    { 
        /************ 
        simple function that calculates the *exact* bounding box (single pixel precision). 
        The function returns an associative array with these keys: 
        left, top:  coordinates you will pass to imagettftext 
        width, height: dimension of the image you have to create 
        *************/ 
        $rect = imagettfbbox($fontSize,$fontAngle,$fontFile,$text); 
        $minX = min(array($rect[0],$rect[2],$rect[4],$rect[6])); 
        $maxX = max(array($rect[0],$rect[2],$rect[4],$rect[6])); 
        $minY = min(array($rect[1],$rect[3],$rect[5],$rect[7])); 
        $maxY = max(array($rect[1],$rect[3],$rect[5],$rect[7])); 

        return array( 
        "left"   => abs($minX) - 1, 
        "top"    => abs($minY) - 1, 
        "width"  => $maxX - $minX, 
        "height" => $maxY - $minY,
        "box"    => $rect ); 
    }

    private function watermarkimage($font_size=0)
    {
        if ($this->string == '')
        {die('Watermark function call width empty string!');}

        $box = $this->calculateTextBox($this->string, $this->font, $font_size, $this->angle);
        while ( ($box['width'] < imagesx($this->img)) && ($box['height'] < imagesy($this->img)) && ($font_size <= $this->max_font_size) )
        {
            $font_size++;
            $box = $this->calculateTextBox($this->string, $this->font, $font_size, $this->angle);   
        }

        $font_size--;
        $box = $this->calculateTextBox($this->string, $this->font, $font_size, $this->angle);

        $vcenter = round((imagesy($this->img) / 2) + ($box['height'] / 2));  
        $hcenter = round((imagesx($this->img) - $box['width']) / 2 );

        imagettftext($this->img, $font_size, $this->angle, $hcenter, $vcenter, $this->blacktr, $this->font, $this->string);     
        imagettftext($this->img, $font_size, $this->angle, $hcenter+1, $vcenter-2, $this->whitetr, $this->font, $this->string);
    }
}
?>

Also I have been using the accepted answer but it does not keep the ratio in some cases. I have found some good answers on the forum and have put them in together and finally created a Class which resizes an image. As extra function u can put a watermark text.

u can see what happens when choose to crop or not, if not a transparent area will be added to the new resized image.

This example is more than asked, but I think it is a good example.

Answer 6

I found a mathematical way to get this job done

Github repo - https://github.com/gayanSandamal/easy-php-image-resizer

Live example - https://plugins.nayague.com/easy-php-image-resizer/

<?php
//path for the image
$source_url = '2018-04-01-1522613288.PNG';

//separate the file name and the extention
$source_url_parts = pathinfo($source_url);
$filename = $source_url_parts['filename'];
$extension = $source_url_parts['extension'];

//define the quality from 1 to 100
$quality = 10;

//detect the width and the height of original image
list($width, $height) = getimagesize($source_url);
$width;
$height;

//define any width that you want as the output. mine is 200px.
$after_width = 200;

//resize only when the original image is larger than expected with.
//this helps you to avoid from unwanted resizing.
if ($width > $after_width) {

    //get the reduced width
    $reduced_width = ($width - $after_width);
    //now convert the reduced width to a percentage and round it to 2 decimal places
    $reduced_radio = round(($reduced_width / $width) * 100, 2);

    //ALL GOOD! let's reduce the same percentage from the height and round it to 2 decimal places
    $reduced_height = round(($height / 100) * $reduced_radio, 2);
    //reduce the calculated height from the original height
    $after_height = $height - $reduced_height;

    //Now detect the file extension
    //if the file extension is 'jpg', 'jpeg', 'JPG' or 'JPEG'
    if ($extension == 'jpg' || $extension == 'jpeg' || $extension == 'JPG' || $extension == 'JPEG') {
        //then return the image as a jpeg image for the next step
        $img = imagecreatefromjpeg($source_url);
    } elseif ($extension == 'png' || $extension == 'PNG') {
        //then return the image as a png image for the next step
        $img = imagecreatefrompng($source_url);
    } else {
        //show an error message if the file extension is not available
        echo 'image extension is not supporting';
    }

    //HERE YOU GO :)
    //Let's do the resize thing
    //imagescale([returned image], [width of the resized image], [height of the resized image], [quality of the resized image]);
    $imgResized = imagescale($img, $after_width, $after_height, $quality);

    //now save the resized image with a suffix called "-resized" and with its extension. 
    imagejpeg($imgResized, $filename . '-resized.'.$extension);

    //Finally frees any memory associated with image
    //**NOTE THAT THIS WONT DELETE THE IMAGE
    imagedestroy($img);
    imagedestroy($imgResized);
}
?>