In Node.js, how do I “include” functions from my o

2018-12-31 12:31发布

站内问答 / JavaScript
957 23 2

Let's say I have a file called app.js. Pretty simple:

var express = require('express');
var app = express.createServer();
app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');
app.set('view engine', 'ejs');
app.get('/', function(req, res){
  res.render('index', {locals: {
    title: 'NowJS + Express Example'
  }});
});

app.listen(8080);

What if I have a functions inside "tools.js". How would I import them to use in apps.js?

Or...am I supposed to turn "tools" into a module, and then require it? << seems hard, I rather do the basic import of the tools.js file.

23条回答
步步皆殇っ
2楼-- · 2018-12-31 12:57

You can put your functions in global variables, but it's better practice to just turn your tools script into a module. It's really not too hard – just attach your public API to the exports object. Take a look at Understanding Node.js' exports module for some more detail.

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无与为乐者.
3楼-- · 2018-12-31 12:58

Another way to do this in my opinion, is to execute everything in the lib file when you call require() function using (function(/* things here */){})(); doing this will make all these functions global scope, exactly like the eval() solution

src/lib.js

(function () {
    funcOne = function() {
            console.log('mlt funcOne here');
    }

    funcThree = function(firstName) {
            console.log(firstName, 'calls funcThree here');
    }

    name = "Mulatinho";
    myobject = {
            title: 'Node.JS is cool',
            funcFour: function() {
                    return console.log('internal funcFour() called here');
            }
    }
})();

And then in your main code you can call your functions by name like:

main.js

require('./src/lib')
funcOne();
funcThree('Alex');
console.log(name);
console.log(myobject);
console.log(myobject.funcFour());

Will make this output

bash-3.2$ node -v
v7.2.1
bash-3.2$ node main.js 
mlt funcOne here
Alex calls funcThree here
Mulatinho
{ title: 'Node.JS is cool', funcFour: [Function: funcFour] }
internal funcFour() called here
undefined

Pay atention to the undefined when you call my object.funcFour(), it will be the same if you load with eval(). Hope it helps :)

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何处买醉
4楼-- · 2018-12-31 12:58

I've come up with a rather crude method of handling this for HTML templating. Similarly to PHP <?php include("navigation.html"); ?>

server.js

var fs = require('fs');

String.prototype.filter = function(search,replace){
    var regex = new RegExp("{{" + search.toUpperCase() + "}}","ig");
    return this.replace(regex,replace);
}

var navigation = fs.readFileSync(__dirname + "/parts/navigation.html");

function preProcessPage(html){
    return html.filter("nav",navigation);
}

var express = require('express');
var app = express();
// Keep your server directory safe.
app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/public/'));
// Sorta a server-side .htaccess call I suppose.
app.get("/page_name/",function(req,res){
    var html = fs.readFileSync(__dirname + "/pages/page_name.html");
    res.send(preProcessPage(html));
});

page_name.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
    <title>NodeJS Templated Page</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/bootstrap.min.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/font-awesome.min.css">
    <!-- Scripts Load After Page -->
    <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery.min.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/tether.min.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    {{NAV}}
    <!-- Page Specific Content Below Here-->
</body>
</html>

navigation.html

<nav></nav>

Loaded Page Result

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
    <title>NodeJS Templated Page</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/bootstrap.min.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/font-awesome.min.css">
    <!-- Scripts Load After Page -->
    <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery.min.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/tether.min.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <nav></nav>
    <!-- Page Specific Content Below Here-->
</body>
</html>
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十年一品温如言
5楼-- · 2018-12-31 12:59

say we wants to call function ping() and add(30,20) which is in lib.js file from main.js

main.js

lib = require("./lib.js")

output = lib.ping();
console.log(output);

//Passing Parameters
console.log("Sum of A and B = " + lib.add(20,30))

lib.js

this.ping=function ()
{
    return  "Ping Success"
}

//Functions with parameters
this.add=function(a,b)
    {
        return a+b
    }
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永恒的永恒
6楼-- · 2018-12-31 13:00

I was also looking for a NodeJS 'include' function and I checked the solution proposed by Udo G - see message https://stackoverflow.com/a/8744519/2979590. His code doesn't work with my included JS files. Finally I solved the problem like that:

var fs = require("fs");

function read(f) {
  return fs.readFileSync(f).toString();
}
function include(f) {
  eval.apply(global, [read(f)]);
}

include('somefile_with_some_declarations.js');

Sure, that helps.

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听够珍惜
7楼-- · 2018-12-31 13:00

I was as well searching for an option to include code without writing modules, resp. use the same tested standalone sources from a different project for a Node.js service - and jmparattes answer did it for me.

The benefit is, you don't pollute the namespace, I don't have trouble with "use strict"; and it works well.

Here a full sample:

Script to load - /lib/foo.js

"use strict";

(function(){

    var Foo = function(e){
        this.foo = e;
    }

    Foo.prototype.x = 1;

    return Foo;

}())

SampleModule - index.js

"use strict";

const fs = require('fs');
const path = require('path');

var SampleModule = module.exports = {

    instAFoo: function(){
        var Foo = eval.apply(
            this, [fs.readFileSync(path.join(__dirname, '/lib/foo.js')).toString()]
        );
        var instance = new Foo('bar');
        console.log(instance.foo); // 'bar'
        console.log(instance.x); // '1'
    }

}

Hope this was helpfull somehow.

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