Get form data in Reactjs

Question

I have a simple form in my render function, like so:

render : function() {
      return (
        <form>
          <input type="text" name="email" placeholder="Email" />
          <input type="password" name="password" placeholder="Password" />
          <button type="button" onClick={this.handleLogin}>Login</button>
        </form>
      );
    },
handleLogin: function() {
   //How to access email and password here ?
}

What should I write in my handleLogin: function() { ... } to access Email and Password fields ?

Answer 1

Use the change events on the inputs to update the component's state and access it in handleLogin:

handleEmailChange: function(e) {
   this.setState({email: e.target.value});
},
handlePasswordChange: function(e) {
   this.setState({password: e.target.value});
},
render : function() {
      return (
        <form>
          <input type="text" name="email" placeholder="Email" value={this.state.email} onChange={this.handleEmailChange} />
          <input type="password" name="password" placeholder="Password" value={this.state.password} onChange={this.handlePasswordChange}/>
          <button type="button" onClick={this.handleLogin}>Login</button>
        </form>);
},
handleLogin: function() {
    console.log("EMail: " + this.state.email);
    console.log("Password: " + this.state.password);
}

Working fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/kTu3a/

Also, read the docs, there is a whole section dedicated to form handling: http://facebook.github.io/react/docs/forms.html

Previously you could also use React's two-way databinding helper mixin to achieve the same thing, but now it's deprecated in favor of setting the value and change handler (as above):

var ExampleForm = React.createClass({
  mixins: [React.addons.LinkedStateMixin],
  getInitialState: function() {
    return {email: '', password: ''};
  },
  handleLogin: function() {
    console.log("EMail: " + this.state.email);
    console.log("Password: " + this.state.password);
  },
  render: function() {
    return (
      <form>
        <input type="text" valueLink={this.linkState('email')} />
        <input type="password" valueLink={this.linkState('password')} />
        <button type="button" onClick={this.handleLogin}>Login</button>
      </form>
    );
  }
});

Documentation is here: http://facebook.github.io/react/docs/two-way-binding-helpers.html

Answer 2

I would suggest the following approach:

import {Autobind} from 'es-decorators';

export class Form extends Component {

    @Autobind
    handleChange(e) {
        this.setState({[e.target.name]: e.target.value});
    }

    @Autobind
    add(e) {
        e.preventDefault();
        this.collection.add(this.state);
        this.refs.form.reset();
    }

    shouldComponentUpdate() {
        return false;
    }

    render() {
        return (
            <form onSubmit={this.add} ref="form">
                <input type="text" name="desination" onChange={this.handleChange}/>
                <input type="date" name="startDate" onChange={this.handleChange}/>
                <input type="date" name="endDate" onChange={this.handleChange}/>
                <textarea name="description" onChange={this.handleChange}/>
                <button type="submit">Add</button>
            </form>
        )
    }

}

Answer 3

To improve the user experience; when the user clicks on the submit button, you can try to get the form to first show a sending message. Once we've received a response from the server, it can update the message accordingly. We achieve this in React by chaining statuses. See codepen or snippets below:

The following method makes the first state change:

handleSubmit(e) {
    e.preventDefault();
    this.setState({ message: 'Sending...' }, this.sendFormData);
}

As soon as React shows the above Sending message on screen, it will call the method that will send the form data to the server: this.sendFormData(). For simplicity I've added a setTimeout to mimic this.

sendFormData() {
  var formData = {
      Title: this.refs.Title.value,
      Author: this.refs.Author.value,
      Genre: this.refs.Genre.value,
      YearReleased: this.refs.YearReleased.value};
  setTimeout(() => { 
    console.log(formData);
    this.setState({ message: 'data sent!' });
  }, 3000);
}

In React, the method this.setState() renders a component with new properties. So you can also add some logic in render() method of the form component that will behave differently depending on the type of response we get from the server. For instance:

render() {
  if (this.state.responseType) {
      var classString = 'alert alert-' + this.state.type;
      var status = <div id="status" className={classString} ref="status">
                     {this.state.message}
                   </div>;
  }
return ( ...

codepen

Answer 4

In many events in javascript, we have event which give an object including what event happened and what are the values, etc...

That's what we use with forms in ReactJs as well...

So in your code you set the state to the new value... something like this:

class UserInfo extends React.Component {

  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.handleLogin = this.handleLogin.bind(this);
  }

  handleLogin(e) {
    e.preventDefault();
    for (const field in this.refs) {
      this.setState({this.refs[field]: this.refs[field].value});
    }
  }

  render() {
    return (
        <div>
          <form onSubmit={this.handleLogin}>
            <input ref="email" type="text" name="email" placeholder="Email" />
            <input ref="password" type="password" name="password" placeholder="Password" />
            <button type="button">Login</button>
          </form>
        </div>
    );
  }
}

export default UserInfo;

Also this is the form example in React v.16, just as reference for the form you creating in the future:

class NameForm extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.state = {value: ''};

    this.handleChange = this.handleChange.bind(this);
    this.handleSubmit = this.handleSubmit.bind(this);
  }

  handleChange(event) {
    this.setState({value: event.target.value});
  }

  handleSubmit(event) {
    alert('A name was submitted: ' + this.state.value);
    event.preventDefault();
  }

  render() {
    return (
      <form onSubmit={this.handleSubmit}>
        <label>
          Name:
          <input type="text" value={this.state.value} onChange={this.handleChange} />
        </label>
        <input type="submit" value="Submit" />
      </form>
    );
  }
}

Answer 5

If all your inputs / textarea have a name, then you can filter all from event.target:

onSubmit(event){
  const fields = Array.prototype.slice.call(event.target)
      .filter(el => el.name)
      .reduce((form, el) => ({
        ...form,
        [el.name]: el.value,
      }), {})
}

Totally uncontrolled form

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Answer 6

There are a few ways to do this:

1) Get values from array of form elements by index

handleSubmit = (event) => {
  event.preventDefault();
  console.log(event.target[0].value)
}

2) Using name attribute in html

handleSubmit = (event) => {
  event.preventDefault();
  console.log(event.target.elements.username.value) // from elements property
  console.log(event.target.username.value)          // or directly
}

<input type="text" name="username"/>

3) Using refs

handleSubmit = (event) => {
  console.log(this.inputNode.value)
}

<input type="text" name="username" ref={node => (this.inputNode = node)}/>

Full example

class NameForm extends React.Component {
  handleSubmit = (event) => {
    event.preventDefault()
    console.log(event.target[0].value)
    console.log(event.target.elements.username.value)
    console.log(event.target.username.value)
    console.log(this.inputNode.value)
  }
  render() {
    return (
      <form onSubmit={this.handleSubmit}>
        <label>
          Name:
          <input
            type="text"
            name="username"
            ref={node => (this.inputNode = node)}
          />
        </label>
        <button type="submit">Submit</button>
      </form>
    )
  }
}