How to make a tkinter canvas rectangle with rounde

Question

I would like to create a rectangle with rounded corners. I'm using canvas from tkinter.

Answer 1

There seems not to be a built-in method for this. The closest thing would be a polyline with smooth=1, but that still looks more like an old TV screen, with the sides also slightly curved.

Instead, you could define a helper function, combining the rounded rectangle from lines and arcs:

def rounded_rect(canvas, x, y, w, h, c):
    canvas.create_arc(x,   y,   x+2*c,   y+2*c,   start= 90, extent=90, style="arc")
    canvas.create_arc(x+w-2*c, y+h-2*c, x+w, y+h, start=270, extent=90, style="arc")
    canvas.create_arc(x+w-2*c, y,   x+w, y+2*c,   start=  0, extent=90, style="arc")
    canvas.create_arc(x,   y+h-2*c, x+2*c,   y+h, start=180, extent=90, style="arc")
    canvas.create_line(x+c, y,   x+w-c, y    )
    canvas.create_line(x+c, y+h, x+w-c, y+h  )
    canvas.create_line(x,   y+c, x,     y+h-c)
    canvas.create_line(x+w, y+c, x+w,   y+h-c)

Example:

import tkinter
root = tkinter.Tk()
canvas = tkinter.Canvas(root)
canvas.pack()
rounded_rect(canvas, 20, 20, 60, 40, 10)
root.mainloop()

You could also provide another **options parameter to set line width, color etc. for the individual parts, but the problem with this is that e.g. lines and arcs are using different parameters for the line color (fill and outline respectively). Also, if you want to have a filled rounded rectangle, you will have to specify that as a second method, using multiple rectangles.

Answer 2

Offering an alternate approach to tobias's method would be to indeed do it with one polygon.

This would have the advantage of being one canvas object if you are worried about optimization, or not having to worry about a tag system for referring to a single object.

The code is a bit longer, but very basic, as it is just utilizing the idea that when smoothing a polygon, you can give the same coordinate twice to 'stop' the smooth from occuring.

This is an example of what can be done:

from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
canvas = Canvas(root)
canvas.pack()

def round_rectangle(x1, y1, x2, y2, radius=25, **kwargs):

    points = [x1+radius, y1,
              x1+radius, y1,
              x2-radius, y1,
              x2-radius, y1,
              x2, y1,
              x2, y1+radius,
              x2, y1+radius,
              x2, y2-radius,
              x2, y2-radius,
              x2, y2,
              x2-radius, y2,
              x2-radius, y2,
              x1+radius, y2,
              x1+radius, y2,
              x1, y2,
              x1, y2-radius,
              x1, y2-radius,
              x1, y1+radius,
              x1, y1+radius,
              x1, y1]

    return canvas.create_polygon(points, **kwargs, smooth=True)

my_rectangle = round_rectangle(50, 50, 150, 100, radius=20, fill="blue")

root.mainloop()

Using this function, you can just provide the normal coordinates that you would to a rectangle, and then specify the 'radius' which is rounded in the corners. The use of **kwargs denotes that you can pass keyword arguments such as fill="blue", just as you usually could with a create_ method.

Although the coords look complex, it is just going around methodically to each point in the 'rectangle', giving each non-corner point twice.

If you didn't mind a rather long line of code, you could put all the coordinates on one line, making the function just 2 lines(!). This looks like:

def round_rectangle(x1, y1, x2, y2, r=25, **kwargs):    
    points = (x1+r, y1, x1+r, y1, x2-r, y1, x2-r, y1, x2, y1, x2, y1+r, x2, y1+r, x2, y2-r, x2, y2-r, x2, y2, x2-r, y2, x2-r, y2, x1+r, y2, x1+r, y2, x1, y2, x1, y2-r, x1, y2-r, x1, y1+r, x1, y1+r, x1, y1)
    return canvas.create_polygon(points, **kwargs, smooth=True)

This produces the following (Note in mind this is ONE canvas object):