How to import an existing x509 certificate and pri

Question

I have this in activemq config

<sslContext>
        <sslContext keyStore="file:/home/alex/work/amq/broker.ks"  
 keyStorePassword="password" trustStore="file:${activemq.base}/conf/broker.ts" 
 trustStorePassword="password"/>
</sslContext>

I have a pair of x509 cert and a key file

How do I import those two to be used in ssl and ssl+stomp connectors? All examples i could google always generate the key themselves, but I already have a key.

I have tried

keytool -import  -keystore ./broker.ks -file mycert.crt

but this only imports the certificate and not the key file and results in

2009-05-25 13:16:24,270 [localhost:61612] ERROR TransportConnector - Could not accept connection : No available certificate or key corresponds to the SSL cipher suites which are enabled.

I have tried concatenating the cert and the key but got the same result

How do I import the key?

Answer 1

Believe or not, keytool does not provide such basic functionality like importing private key to keystore. You can try this workaround with merging PKSC12 file with private key to a keystore.

Or just use more user-friendly KeyMan from IBM for keystore handling instead of keytool.exe.

Answer 2

Here are the steps I followed to import the key to an existing keystore - combined instructions from answers here and other places to get these steps that worked for my java keystore:

1. Run

openssl pkcs12 -export -in yourserver.crt -inkey yourkey.key -out server.p12 -name somename -certfile yourca.crt -caname root

(If required put the -chain option. Putting that failed for me). This will ask for the password - you must give the correct password else you will get an error (heading error or padding error etc).

2. It will ask you to enter a new password - you must enter a password here - enter anything but remember it. (Let us assume you enter Aragorn).
3. This will create the server.p12 file in the pkcs format.
4. Now to import it into the *.jks file run:

keytool -importkeystore -srckeystore server.p12 -srcstoretype PKCS12 -destkeystore yourexistingjavakeystore.jks -deststoretype JKS -deststorepass existingjavastorepassword -destkeypass existingjavastorepassword

(Very important - do not leave out the deststorepass and the destkeypass parameters.)
5. It will ask you for the src key store password. Enter Aragorn and hit enter. The certificate and key is now imported into your existing java keystore.

Answer 3

Based on the answers above, here is how to create a brand new keystore for your java based web server, out of an independently created Comodo cert and private key using keytool (requires JDK 1.6+)

1. Issue this command and at the password prompt enter somepass - 'server.crt' is your server's cert and 'server.key' is the private key you used for issuing the CSR: openssl pkcs12 -export -in server.crt -inkey server.key -out server.p12 -name www.yourdomain.com -CAfile AddTrustExternalCARoot.crt -caname "AddTrust External CA Root"

2. Then use keytool to convert the p12 keystore into a jks keystore: keytool -importkeystore -deststorepass somepass -destkeypass somepass -destkeystore keystore.jks -srckeystore server.p12 -srcstoretype PKCS12 -srcstorepass somepass

Then import the other two root/intermediate certs you received from Comodo:

3. Import COMODORSAAddTrustCA.crt: keytool -import -trustcacerts -alias cert1 -file COMODORSAAddTrustCA.crt -keystore keystore.jks

4. Import COMODORSADomainValidationSecureServerCA.crt: keytool -import -trustcacerts -alias cert2 -file COMODORSADomainValidationSecureServerCA.crt -keystore keystore.jks

Answer 4

In my case I had a pem file which contained two certificates and an encrypted private key to be used in mutual SSL authentication. So my pem file looked like this:

-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
...
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
Proc-Type: 4,ENCRYPTED
DEK-Info: DES-EDE3-CBC,C8BF220FC76AA5F9
...
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
...
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Here is what I did:

Split the file into three separate files, so that each one contains just one entry, starting with "---BEGIN.." and ending with "---END.." lines. Lets assume we now have three files: cert1.pem cert2.pem and pkey.pem

Convert pkey.pem into DER format using openssl and the following syntax:

openssl pkcs8 -topk8 -nocrypt -in pkey.pem -inform PEM -out pkey.der -outform DER

Note, that if the private key is encrypted you need to supply a password( obtain it from the supplier of the original pem file ) to convert to DER format, openssl will ask you for the password like this: "enter a pass phraze for pkey.pem: " If conversion is successful, you will get a new file called "pkey.der"

Create a new java key store and import the private key and the certificates:

String keypass = "password";  // this is a new password, you need to come up with to protect your java key store file
String defaultalias = "importkey";
KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS", "SUN");

// this section does not make much sense to me, 
// but I will leave it intact as this is how it was in the original example I found on internet:   
ks.load( null, keypass.toCharArray());
ks.store( new FileOutputStream ( "mykeystore"  ), keypass.toCharArray());
ks.load( new FileInputStream ( "mykeystore" ),    keypass.toCharArray());
// end of section..


// read the key file from disk and create a PrivateKey

FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("pkey.der");
DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(fis);
byte[] bytes = new byte[dis.available()];
dis.readFully(bytes);
ByteArrayInputStream bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);

byte[] key = new byte[bais.available()];
KeyFactory kf = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
bais.read(key, 0, bais.available());
bais.close();

PKCS8EncodedKeySpec keysp = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec ( key );
PrivateKey ff = kf.generatePrivate (keysp);


// read the certificates from the files and load them into the key store:

Collection  col_crt1 = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X509").generateCertificates(new FileInputStream("cert1.pem"));
Collection  col_crt2 = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X509").generateCertificates(new FileInputStream("cert2.pem"));

Certificate crt1 = (Certificate) col_crt1.iterator().next();
Certificate crt2 = (Certificate) col_crt2.iterator().next();
Certificate[] chain = new Certificate[] { crt1, crt2 };

String alias1 = ((X509Certificate) crt1).getSubjectX500Principal().getName();
String alias2 = ((X509Certificate) crt2).getSubjectX500Principal().getName();

ks.setCertificateEntry(alias1, crt1);
ks.setCertificateEntry(alias2, crt2);

// store the private key
ks.setKeyEntry(defaultalias, ff, keypass.toCharArray(), chain );

// save the key store to a file         
ks.store(new FileOutputStream ( "mykeystore" ),keypass.toCharArray());

(optional) Verify the content of your new key store:

keytool -list -keystore mykeystore -storepass password

Keystore type: JKS Keystore provider: SUN

Your keystore contains 3 entries

cn=...,ou=...,o=.., Sep 2, 2014, trustedCertEntry, Certificate fingerprint (SHA1): 2C:B8: ...

importkey, Sep 2, 2014, PrivateKeyEntry, Certificate fingerprint (SHA1): 9C:B0: ...

cn=...,o=...., Sep 2, 2014, trustedCertEntry, Certificate fingerprint (SHA1): 83:63: ...

(optional) Test your certificates and private key from your new key store against your SSL server: ( You may want to enable debugging as an VM option: -Djavax.net.debug=all )

        char[] passw = "password".toCharArray();
        KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS", "SUN");
        ks.load(new FileInputStream ( "mykeystore" ), passw );

        KeyManagerFactory kmf = KeyManagerFactory.getInstance("SunX509");
        kmf.init(ks, passw);

        TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
        tmf.init(ks);
        TrustManager[] tm = tmf.getTrustManagers();

        SSLContext sclx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
        sclx.init( kmf.getKeyManagers(), tm, null);

        SSLSocketFactory factory = sclx.getSocketFactory();
        SSLSocket socket = (SSLSocket) factory.createSocket( "192.168.1.111", 443 );
        socket.startHandshake();

        //if no exceptions are thrown in the startHandshake method, then everything is fine..

Finally register your certificates with HttpsURLConnection if plan to use it:

        char[] passw = "password".toCharArray();
        KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS", "SUN");
        ks.load(new FileInputStream ( "mykeystore" ), passw );

        KeyManagerFactory kmf = KeyManagerFactory.getInstance("SunX509");
        kmf.init(ks, passw);

        TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
        tmf.init(ks);
        TrustManager[] tm = tmf.getTrustManagers();

        SSLContext sclx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
        sclx.init( kmf.getKeyManagers(), tm, null);

        HostnameVerifier hv = new HostnameVerifier()
        {
            public boolean verify(String urlHostName, SSLSession session)
            {
                if (!urlHostName.equalsIgnoreCase(session.getPeerHost()))
                {
                    System.out.println("Warning: URL host '" + urlHostName + "' is different to SSLSession host '" + session.getPeerHost() + "'.");
                }
                return true;
            }
        };

        HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory( sclx.getSocketFactory() );
        HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier(hv);