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I understand that UDP resides on the transport layer and IP on the internet layer. I also get that they're both connectionless and unreliable. Then what is the point of UDP when we already have IP? The distinction is not very clear. Any help on this is greatly appreciated. Thanks!
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To multiplex services. The
UDPport number can differentiate between multiple services on the same host, using the same L3 identification. UsingIPonly it wouldn't be possible to host multiple services on the same station and easily differentiate between them.Also, consider the case of UDP over IPv6. Since IPv6 doesn't have error-checking somebody has to perform it: the
Checksumfield of UDP is not optional.Once a packet reaches a host using its IP address, the packet needs to be given to one of the applications on this machine. To determine which application should get the packet, it needs demultiplexing logic, which is based on ports. UDP has port information which is used by IP to deliver the packet to appropriate application.