Loading local JSON file

2018-12-31 07:08发布

站内问答 / JavaScript
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I'm trying to load a local JSON file but it won't work. Here is my JavaScript code (using jQuery:

var json = $.getJSON("test.json");
var data = eval("(" +json.responseText + ")");
document.write(data["a"]);

The test.json file:

{"a" : "b", "c" : "d"}

Nothing is displayed and Firebug tells me that data is undefined. In Firebug I can see json.responseText and it is good and valid, but it's strange when I copy the line:

 var data = eval("(" +json.responseText + ")");

in Firebug's console, it works and I can access data.

Anyone have a solution?

21条回答
春风洒进眼中
2楼-- · 2018-12-31 07:47

An approach I like to use is to pad/wrap the json with an object literal, and then save the file with a .jsonp file extension. This method also leaves your original json file (test.json) unaltered, as you will be working with the new jsonp file (test.jsonp) instead. The name on the wrapper can be anything, but it does need to be the same name as the callback function you use to process the jsonp. I'll use your test.json posted as an example to show the jsonp wrapper addition for the 'test.jsonp' file.

json_callback({"a" : "b", "c" : "d"});

Next, create a reusable variable with global scope in your script to hold the returned JSON. This will make the returned JSON data available to all other functions in your script instead of just the callback function.

var myJSON;

Next comes a simple function to retrieve your json by script injection. Note that we can not use jQuery here to append the script to the document head, as IE does not support the jQuery .append method. The jQuery method commented out in the code below will work on other browsers that do support the .append method. It is included as a reference to show the difference.

function getLocalJSON(json_url){
    var json_script  = document.createElement('script');
    json_script.type = 'text/javascript';
    json_script.src  = json_url;
    json_script.id   = 'json_script';
    document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(json_script);
    // $('head')[0].append(json_script); DOES NOT WORK in IE (.append method not supported)
}

Next is a short and simple callback function (with the same name as the jsonp wrapper) to get the json results data into the global variable.

function json_callback(response){
    myJSON = response;            // Clone response JSON to myJSON object
    $('#json_script').remove();   // Remove json_script from the document
}

The json data can now be accessed by any functions of the script using dot notation. As an example:

console.log(myJSON.a); // Outputs 'b' to console
console.log(myJSON.c); // Outputs 'd' to console

This method may be a bit different from what you are used to seeing, but has many advantages. First, the same jsonp file can be loaded locally or from a server using the same functions. As a bonus, jsonp is already in a cross-domain friendly format and can also be easily used with REST type API's.

Granted, there are no error handling functions, but why would you need one? If you are unable to get the json data using this method, then you can pretty much bet you have some problems within the json itself, and I would check it on a good JSON validator.

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查无此人
3楼-- · 2018-12-31 07:48

If you want to let the user select the local json file (anywhere on the filesystem), then the following solution works.

It uses uses FileReader and JSON.parser (and no jquery).

<html>
<body>

<form id="jsonFile" name="jsonFile" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">

  <fieldset>
    <h2>Json File</h2>
     <input type='file' id='fileinput'>
     <input type='button' id='btnLoad' value='Load' onclick='loadFile();'>
  </fieldset>
</form>


<script type="text/javascript">

  function loadFile() {
    var input, file, fr;

    if (typeof window.FileReader !== 'function') {
      alert("The file API isn't supported on this browser yet.");
      return;
    }

    input = document.getElementById('fileinput');
    if (!input) {
      alert("Um, couldn't find the fileinput element.");
    }
    else if (!input.files) {
      alert("This browser doesn't seem to support the `files` property of file inputs.");
    }
    else if (!input.files[0]) {
      alert("Please select a file before clicking 'Load'");
    }
    else {
      file = input.files[0];
      fr = new FileReader();
      fr.onload = receivedText;
      fr.readAsText(file);
    }

    function receivedText(e) {
      let lines = e.target.result;
      var newArr = JSON.parse(lines); 
    }
  }
</script>

</body>
</html>

Here is a good intro on FileReader: http://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/file/dndfiles/

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公子世无双
4楼-- · 2018-12-31 07:50

If you have Python installed on your local machine (or you don't mind install one), here is a browser-independent workaround for local JSON file access problem that I use:

Transform the JSON file into a JavaScript by creating a function that returns the data as JavaScript object. Then you can load it with <script> tag and call the function to get the data you want.

Here comes the Python code

import json


def json2js(jsonfilepath, functionname='getData'):
    """function converting json file to javascript file: json_data -> json_data.js
    :param jsonfilepath: path to json file
    :param functionname: name of javascript function which will return the data
    :return None
    """
    # load json data
    with open(jsonfilepath,'r') as jsonfile:
        data = json.load(jsonfile)
    # write transformed javascript file
    with open(jsonfilepath+'.js', 'w') as jsfile:
        jsfile.write('function '+functionname+'(){return ')
        jsfile.write(json.dumps(data))
        jsfile.write(';}')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    from sys import argv
    l = len(argv)
    if l == 2:
        json2js(argv[1])
    elif l == 3:
        json2js(argv[1], argv[2])
    else:
        raise ValueError('Usage: python pathTo/json2js.py jsonfilepath [jsfunctionname]')
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几人难应
5楼-- · 2018-12-31 07:53

I had the same need (to test my angularjs app), and the only way I found is to use require.js:

var json = require('./data.json'); //(with path)

note: the file is loaded once, further calls will use the cache.

More on reading files with nodejs: http://docs.nodejitsu.com/articles/file-system/how-to-read-files-in-nodejs

require.js: http://requirejs.org/

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笑指拈花
6楼-- · 2018-12-31 07:54

If you're looking for something quick and dirty just load the data in the head of your HTML document.

data.js

var DATA = {"a" : "b", "c" : "d"};

index.html

<html>
<head>
   <script src="data.js" ></script>
   <script src="main.js" ></script>
</head>
...
</html>

main.js

(function(){
   console.log(DATA) // {"a" : "b", "c" : "d"}
})()
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旧时光的记忆
7楼-- · 2018-12-31 07:57

ace.webgeeker.xyz

function loadJSON(callback) {
    var xobj = new XMLHttpRequest();
    xobj.overrideMimeType("application/json");
    xobj.open('GET', 'my_data.json', true);
    // Replace 'my_data' with the path to your file
    xobj.onreadystatechange = function() {
        if (xobj.readyState === 4 && xobj.status === "200") {
            // Required use of an anonymous callback 
            // as .open() will NOT return a value but simply returns undefined in asynchronous mode
            callback(xobj.responseText);
        }
    };
    xobj.send(null);
}

function init() {
    loadJSON(function(response) {
        // Parse JSON string into object
        var actual_JSON = JSON.parse(response);
    });
}

ES6 version

const loadJSON = (callback) => {
    let xobj = new XMLHttpRequest();
    xobj.overrideMimeType("application/json");
    xobj.open('GET', 'my_data.json', true);
    // Replace 'my_data' with the path to your file
    xobj.onreadystatechange = () => {
        if (xobj.readyState === 4 && xobj.status === "200") {
            // Required use of an anonymous callback 
            // as .open() will NOT return a value but simply returns undefined in asynchronous mode
            callback(xobj.responseText);
        }
    };
    xobj.send(null);
}

const init = () => {
    loadJSON((response) => {
        // Parse JSON string into object
        let actual_JSON = JSON.parse(response);
    });
}

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