Forcing to download a file using PHP

Question

I have a CSV file on my server. If a user clicks on a link it should download, but instead it opens up in my browser window.

My code looks as follows

<a href="files/csv/example/example.csv">
    Click here to download an example of the "CSV" file
</a>

It's a normal webserver where I have all of my development work on.

I tried something like:

<a href="files/csv/example/csv.php">
    Click here to download an example of the "CSV" file
</a>

Now the contents of my csv.php file:

header('Content-Type: application/csv');
header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=example.csv');
header('Pragma: no-cache');

Now my issue is it's downloading, but not my CSV file. It creates a new file.

Answer 1

Configure your server to send the file with the media type application/octet-stream.

Answer 2

Or you can do this using HTML5. Simply with

<a href="example.csv" download>download not open it</a>

Answer 3

This cannot be done reliably, since it's up to the browser to decide what to do with an URL it's been asked to retrieve.

You can suggest to the browser that it should offer to "save to disk" right away by sending a Content-disposition header:

header("Content-disposition: attachment");

I'm not sure how well this is supported by various browsers. The alternative is to send a Content-type of application/octet-stream, but that is a hack (you're basically telling the browser "I'm not telling you what kind of file this is" and depending on the fact that most browsers will then offer a download dialog) and allegedly causes problems with Internet Explorer.

Read more about this in the Web Authoring FAQ.

Edit You've already switched to a PHP file to deliver the data - which is necessary to set the Content-disposition header (unless there are some arcane Apache settings that can also do this). Now all that's left to do is for that PHP file to read the contents of the CSV file and print them - the filename=example.csv in the header only suggests to the client browser what name to use for the file, it does not actually fetch the data from the file on the server.

Answer 4

This means that your browser can handle this file type.

If you don't like it, the easiest method would be offering ZIP files. Everyone can handle ZIP files, and they are downloadable by default.

Answer 5

A previous answer on this page describes how to use .htaccess to force all files of a certain type to download. However, the solution does not work with all file types across all browsers. This is a more reliable way:

<FilesMatch "\.(?i:csv)$">
  ForceType application/octet-stream
  Header set Content-Disposition attachment
</FilesMatch>

You might need to flush your browser cache to see this working correctly.

Answer 6

If you are doing it with your application itself... I hope this code helps.

HTML

In href -- you have to add download_file.php along with your URL:

<a class="download" href="'/download_file.php?fileSource='+http://www.google.com/logo_small.png" target="_blank" title="YourTitle">

PHP

/* Here is the Download.php file to force download stuff */

<?php
    $fullPath = $_GET['fileSource'];
    if($fullPath) {
        $fsize = filesize($fullPath);
        $path_parts = pathinfo($fullPath);
        $ext = strtolower($path_parts["extension"]);

        switch ($ext) {
            case "pdf":
                header("Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=\"" . $path_parts["basename"]."\""); // Use 'attachment' to force a download
                header("Content-type: application/pdf"); // Add here more headers for diff. extensions
                break;

            default;
                header("Content-type: application/octet-stream");
                header("Content-Disposition: filename=\"" . $path_parts["basename"]."\"");
        }

        if($fsize) { // Checking if file size exist
            header("Content-length: $fsize");
        }
        readfile($fullPath);
        exit;
    }
?>