How to send data from DialogFragment to a Fragment

Question

I have a fragment that opens a Dialogfragment to get user input (a string, and an integer). How do I send these two things back to the fragment?

Here is my DialogFragment:

public class DatePickerFragment extends DialogFragment {
    String Month;
    int Year;

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        getDialog().setTitle(getString(R.string.Date_Picker));
        View v = inflater.inflate(R.layout.date_picker_dialog, container, false);

        Spinner months = (Spinner) v.findViewById(R.id.months_spinner);
        ArrayAdapter<CharSequence> monthadapter = ArrayAdapter.createFromResource(getActivity(),
                R.array.Months, R.layout.picker_row);
              months.setAdapter(monthadapter);
              months.setOnItemSelectedListener(new OnItemSelectedListener(){
                  @Override
                  public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parentView, View selectedItemView, int monthplace, long id) {
                      Month = Integer.toString(monthplace);
                  }
                  public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {
                    }
              });

        Spinner years = (Spinner) v.findViewById(R.id.years_spinner);
        ArrayAdapter<CharSequence> yearadapter = ArrayAdapter.createFromResource(getActivity(),
             R.array.Years, R.layout.picker_row);
        years.setAdapter(yearadapter);
        years.setOnItemSelectedListener(new OnItemSelectedListener(){
          @Override
          public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parentView, View selectedItemView, int yearplace, long id) {
              if (yearplace == 0){
                  Year = 2012;
              }if (yearplace == 1){
                  Year = 2013;
              }if (yearplace == 2){
                  Year = 2014;
              }
          }
          public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {}
        });

        Button button = (Button) v.findViewById(R.id.button);
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
           public void onClick(View v) {
               getDialog().dismiss();
            }
        });

        return v;
    }
}

I need to send the data after the button click and before getDialog().dismiss()

Here is the fragment that data needs to be sent to:

public class CalendarFragment extends Fragment {
int Year;
String Month;

@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
        Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

    int position = getArguments().getInt("position");
    String[] categories = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.categories);
    getActivity().getActionBar().setTitle(categories[position]);
    View v = inflater.inflate(R.layout.calendar_fragment_layout, container, false);    

    final Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
    SimpleDateFormat month_date = new SimpleDateFormat("MMMMMMMMM");
    Month = month_date.format(c.getTime());
    Year = c.get(Calendar.YEAR);

    Button button = (Button) v.findViewById(R.id.button);
    button.setText(Month + " "+ Year);
    button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        public void onClick(View v) {
           new DatePickerFragment().show(getFragmentManager(), "MyProgressDialog");
        }
    });
   return v;
  }
}

so once the user selects a date in the Dialogfragment, it must return the month and year.

Then, the text on the button should change to the month and year specified by user.

Answer 1

Here's another recipe without using any Interface. Just making use of the setTargetFragment and Bundle to pass data between DialogFragment and Fragment.

public static final int DATEPICKER_FRAGMENT = 1; // class variable

1. Call the DialogFragment as shown below:

// create dialog fragment
DatePickerFragment dialog = new DatePickerFragment();

// optionally pass arguments to the dialog fragment
Bundle args = new Bundle();
args.putString("pickerStyle", "fancy");
dialog.setArguments(args);

// setup link back to use and display
dialog.setTargetFragment(this, DATEPICKER_FRAGMENT);
dialog.show(getFragmentManager().beginTransaction(), "MyProgressDialog")

2. Use the extra Bundle in an Intent in the DialogFragment to pass whatever info back to the target fragment. The below code in Button#onClick() event of DatePickerFragment passes a String and Integer.

Intent i = new Intent()
        .putExtra("month", getMonthString())
        .putExtra("year", getYearInt());
getTargetFragment().onActivityResult(getTargetRequestCode(), Activity.RESULT_OK, i);
dismiss();

3. Use CalendarFragment's onActivityResult() method to read the values:

@Override
public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
    switch (requestCode) {
        case DATEPICKER_FRAGMENT:
            if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
                Bundle bundle = data.getExtras();
                String mMonth = bundle.getString("month", Month);
                int mYear = bundle.getInt("year");
                Log.i("PICKER", "Got year=" + year + " and month=" + month + ", yay!");
            } else if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_CANCELED) {
                ...
            }
            break;
    }
}

Answer 2

NOTE: aside from one or two Android Fragment specific calls, this is a generic approach recipe for implementation of data exchange between loosely coupled components. You can safely use this approach to exchange data between literally anything, be it Fragments, Activities, Dialogs or any other elements of your application.

---

Here's the recipe:

1. Create interface (i.e. named MyContract) containing a signature of method for passing the data, i.e. methodToPassData(... data);.
2. Ensure your DialogFragment fullfils that contract (which usually means implements desired interface): class MyFragment extends Fragment implements MyContract {....}
3. On creation of DialogFragment set your invoking Fragment as its target fragment by calling myDialogFragment.setTargetFragment(this, 0);. This is the object you will be talking to later.
4. In your DialogFragment, get that invoking fragment by calling getTargetFragment(); and cast returned object to the contract interface you created in step 1, by doing: MyContract mHost = (MyContract)getTargetFragment();. Casting lets us ensure the target object implements the contract needed and we can expect methodToPassData() to be there. If not, then you will get regular ClassCastException. This usually should not happen, unless you are doing too much copy-paste coding :) If your project uses external code, libraries or plugins etc and in such case you should rather catch the exception and tell the user i.e. plugin is not compatible instead of just let app crash.
5. When time to send data back comes, call methodToPassData() on the object you obtained previously: ((MyContract)getTargetFragment()).methodToPassData(data);. If your onAttach() already casts and assigns target fragment to a class variable (i.e. mHost), then this code would be just mHost.methodToPassData(data);.
6. Voilà.

You just successfully passed your data from dialog back to invoking fragment.

Answer 3

A good tip is to use the ViewModel and LiveData approach that is the best way to go. Bellow is the code sample about how to share data between Fragments:

class SharedViewModel : ViewModel() {
    val selected = MutableLiveData<Item>()

    fun select(item: Item) {
        selected.value = item
    }
}

class MasterFragment : Fragment() {

    private lateinit var itemSelector: Selector

    private lateinit var model: SharedViewModel

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        model = activity?.run {
            ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(SharedViewModel::class.java)
        } ?: throw Exception("Invalid Activity")
        itemSelector.setOnClickListener { item ->
            // Update the UI
        }
    }
}

class DetailFragment : Fragment() {

    private lateinit var model: SharedViewModel

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        model = activity?.run {
            ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(SharedViewModel::class.java)
        } ?: throw Exception("Invalid Activity")
        model.selected.observe(this, Observer<Item> { item ->
            // Update the UI
        })
    }
}

Try it, these new components como to help us, I think that it is more efficient than other approach.

Read more about it: https://developer.android.com/topic/libraries/architecture/viewmodel