How to make awkward pivot of sql table in SQL Serv

Question

I have to rotate a given table from an SQL Server but a normal pivot just doesn't work (as far as i tried). So has anybody an idea how to rotate the table into the desired format?

Just to make the problem more complicated, the list of given labels can vary and it is possible that a new label name can come into at any given time.

Given Data

ID |  Label          |  Numerator  |  Denominator  |  Ratio 
---+-----------------+-------------+---------------+--------
1  |  LabelNameOne   |  41         |  10           |  4,1   
1  |  LabelNameTwo   |  0          |  0            |  0     
1  |  LabelNameThree |  21         |  10           |  2,1   
1  |  LabelNameFour  |  15         |  10           |  1,5   
2  |  LabelNameOne   |  19         |  19           |  1     
2  |  LabelNameTwo   |  0          |  0            |  0     
2  |  LabelNameThree |  15         |  16           |  0,9375
2  |  LabelNameFive  |  19         |  19           |  1     
2  |  LabelNameSix   |  17         |  17           |  1     
3  |  LabelNameOne   |  12         |  12           |  1     
3  |  LabelNameTwo   |  0          |  0            |  0     
3  |  LabelNameThree |  11         |  12           |  0,9167
3  |  LabelNameFour  |  12         |  12           |  1     
3  |  LabelNameSix   |  0          |  1            |  0     

Wanted result

ID | ValueType   | LabelNameOne | LabelNameTwo | LabelNameThree | LabelNameFour | LabelNameFive | LabelNameSix
---+-------------+--------------+--------------+----------------+---------------+---------------+--------------
1  | Numerator   | 41           | 0            | 21             | 15            |               |              
1  | Denominator | 10           | 0            | 10             | 10            |               |              
1  | Ratio       | 4,1          | 0            | 2,1            | 1,5           |               |              
2  | Numerator   | 19           | 0            | 15             |               | 19            | 17           
2  | Denominator | 19           | 0            | 16             |               | 19            | 17           
2  | Ratio       | 1            | 0            | 0,9375         |               | 1             | 1            
3  | Numerator   | 12           | 0            | 11             | 12            |               | 0            
3  | Denominator | 12           | 0            | 12             | 12            |               | 1            
3  | Ratio       | 1            | 0            | 0,9167         | 1             |               | 0            

Answer 1

This should sort you out. It's really an UNPIVOT and a PIVOT. Note that you have to conform your data because the UNPIVOT puts all the data in the same column.

Note that I had to recreate/repopulate the table variable in the inner dynamic SQL - typically this is not necessary when dealing with a permanent table.

SET NOCOUNT ON ;

DECLARE @pivot_cols AS varchar(max) ;
DECLARE @src AS TABLE
    (
     ID int NOT NULL
    ,Label varchar(14) NOT NULL
    ,Numerator int NOT NULL
    ,Denominator int NOT NULL
    ,Ratio decimal(5, 4) NOT NULL
    ) ;

DECLARE @label_order AS TABLE
    (
     Label varchar(14) NOT NULL
    ,Sort int NOT NULL
    )

INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (1, 'LabelNameOne', 41, 10, 4.1) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (1, 'LabelNameTwo', 0, 0, 0) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (1, 'LabelNameThree', 21, 10, 2.1) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (1, 'LabelNameFour', 15, 10, 1.5) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (2, 'LabelNameOne', 19, 19, 1) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (2, 'LabelNameTwo', 0, 0, 0) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (2, 'LabelNameThree', 15, 16, 0.9375) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (2, 'LabelNameFive', 19, 19, 1) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (2, 'LabelNameSix', 17, 17, 1) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (3, 'LabelNameOne', 12, 12, 1) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (3, 'LabelNameTwo', 0, 0, 0) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (3, 'LabelNameThree', 11, 12, 0.9167) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (3, 'LabelNameFour', 12, 12, 1) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (3, 'LabelNameSix', 0, 1, 0) ;

INSERT  INTO @label_order
VALUES  ('LabelNameOne', 1) ;
INSERT  INTO @label_order
VALUES  ('LabelNameTwo', 2) ;
INSERT  INTO @label_order
VALUES  ('LabelNameThree', 3) ;
INSERT  INTO @label_order
VALUES  ('LabelNameFour', 4) ;
INSERT  INTO @label_order
VALUES  ('LabelNameFive', 5) ;
INSERT  INTO @label_order
VALUES  ('LabelNameSix', 6) ;

WITH    Labels
          AS (
              SELECT  DISTINCT
                        src.Label
                       ,ISNULL(label_order.Sort, 0) AS Sort
              FROM      @src AS src
              LEFT JOIN @label_order AS label_order
                        ON src.label = label_order.label
             )
    SELECT  @pivot_cols = COALESCE(@pivot_cols + ',', '') + QUOTENAME(Label, '[')
    FROM    Labels
    ORDER BY Sort
           ,Label ;

DECLARE @template AS varchar(max) ;

SET @template = '
DECLARE @src AS TABLE
    (
     ID int NOT NULL
    ,Label varchar(14) NOT NULL
    ,Numerator int NOT NULL
    ,Denominator int NOT NULL
    ,Ratio decimal(5, 4) NOT NULL
    ) ;

INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (1, ''LabelNameOne'', 41, 10, 4.1) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (1, ''LabelNameTwo'', 0, 0, 0) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (1, ''LabelNameThree'', 21, 10, 2.1) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (1, ''LabelNameFour'', 15, 10, 1.5) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (2, ''LabelNameOne'', 19, 19, 1) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (2, ''LabelNameTwo'', 0, 0, 0) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (2, ''LabelNameThree'', 15, 16, 0.9375) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (2, ''LabelNameFive'', 19, 19, 1) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (2, ''LabelNameSix'', 17, 17, 1) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (3, ''LabelNameOne'', 12, 12, 1) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (3, ''LabelNameTwo'', 0, 0, 0) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (3, ''LabelNameThree'', 11, 12, 0.9167) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (3, ''LabelNameFour'', 12, 12, 1) ;
INSERT  INTO @src
VALUES  (3, ''LabelNameSix'', 0, 1, 0) ;

WITH    src_conformed
          AS (
              SELECT    ID
                       ,Label
                       ,CAST (Numerator AS decimal(10, 4)) AS Numerator
                       ,CAST (Denominator AS decimal(10, 4)) AS Denominator
                       ,CAST (Ratio AS decimal(10, 4)) AS Ratio
              FROM      @src
             ),
        UNPIVOTED
          AS (
              SELECT    *
              FROM      src_conformed UNPIVOT ( Val FOR Col IN (Numerator, Denominator, Ratio) ) AS unpvt
             )
    SELECT  *
    FROM    UNPIVOTED PIVOT ( SUM(Val) FOR Label IN ({@pivot_cols}) ) AS pvt
    ORDER BY ID
           ,Col ;' ;

SET @template = REPLACE(@template, '{@pivot_cols}', @pivot_cols) ;

EXEC (@template) ;

Answer 2

select
id,
'Numerator' as ValueType,
case when label = labelNameOne then Numerator else 0 end as LabelNameOne,
case when label = labelNameTwo then Numerator else 0 end as LabelNameTwo,
case when label = labelNameTree then Numerator else 0 end as LabelNameTree,
case when label = labelNameFour then Numerator else 0 end as LabelNameFour,
case when label = labelNameFive then Numerator else 0 end as LabelNameFive,
case when label = labelNameSix then Numerator else 0 end as LabelNameSix

union All

... similar query with Denominator ...

union all

... similar query with Ratio...

Answer 3

What you seek is dynamic cross tab. The short answer is that it cannot be done in T-SQL without some fugly dynamic SQL. The Hoyle answer is that you should pivot the data in a reporting tool or in the middle tier.