Handling key-press events (F1-F12) using JavaScrip-第2页回答

I want to handle F1-F12 keys using JavaScript and jQuery.

I am not sure what pitfalls there are to avoid, and I am not currently able to test implementations in any other browsers than Internet Explorer 8, Google Chrome and Mozilla FireFox 3.

Any suggestions to a full cross-browser solution? Something like a well-tested jQuery library or maybe just vanilla jQuery/JavaScript?

标签： javascript jquery events keyboard keyboard-events

13条回答

啃猪蹄的小仙女

2楼-- · 2019-01-03 14:31

Try this solution if works.

window.onkeypress = function(e) {
    if ((e.which || e.keyCode) == 116) {
        alert("fresh");
    }
}

0人赞添加讨论(0) 举报

我只想做你的唯一

3楼-- · 2019-01-03 14:37

My solution to this problem is:

document.onkeypress = function (event) {
    event = (event || window.event);
    if (event.keyCode == 123) { 
         return false;
    }
}

With the magic number 123 which is the key F12.

0人赞添加讨论(0) 举报

SAY GOODBYE

4楼-- · 2019-01-03 14:39

Solution in ES6 for modern browsers and IE11 (with transpilation to ES5):

//Disable default IE help popup
window.onhelp = function() {
    return false;
};
window.onkeydown = evt => {
    switch (evt.keyCode) {
        //ESC
        case 27:
            this.onEsc();
            break;
        //F1
        case 112:
            this.onF1();
            break;
        //Fallback to default browser behaviour
        default:
            return true;
    }
    //Returning false overrides default browser event
    return false;
};

0人赞添加讨论(0) 举报

疯言疯语

5楼-- · 2019-01-03 14:42

One of the problems in trapping the F1-F12 keys is that the default function must also be overridden. Here is an example of an implementation of the F1 'Help' key, with the override that prevents the default help pop-up. This solution can be extended for the F2-F12 keys. Also, this example purposely does not capture combination keys, but this can be altered as well.

<html>
<head>
<!-- Note:  reference your JQuery library here -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>F-key trap example</h1>
    <div><h2>Example:  Press the 'F1' key to open help</h2></div>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        //uncomment to prevent on startup
        //removeDefaultFunction();          
        /** Prevents the default function such as the help pop-up **/
        function removeDefaultFunction()
        {
            window.onhelp = function () { return false; }
        }
        /** use keydown event and trap only the F-key, 
            but not combinations with SHIFT/CTRL/ALT **/
        $(window).bind('keydown', function(e) {
            //This is the F1 key code, but NOT with SHIFT/CTRL/ALT
            var keyCode = e.keyCode || e.which;
            if((keyCode == 112 || e.key == 'F1') && 
                    !(event.altKey ||event.ctrlKey || event.shiftKey || event.metaKey))
             {
                // prevent code starts here:
                removeDefaultFunction();
                e.cancelable = true;
                e.stopPropagation();
                e.preventDefault();
                e.returnValue = false;
                // Open help window here instead of alert
                alert('F1 Help key opened, ' + keyCode);
                }
            // Add other F-keys here:
            else if((keyCode == 113 || e.key == 'F2') && 
                    !(event.altKey ||event.ctrlKey || event.shiftKey || event.metaKey))
             {
                // prevent code starts here:
                removeDefaultFunction();
                e.cancelable = true;
                e.stopPropagation();
                e.preventDefault();
                e.returnValue = false;
                // Do something else for F2
                alert('F2 key opened, ' + keyCode);
                }
        });
    </script>
</body>
</html>

I borrowed a similar solution from a related SO article in developing this. Let me know if this worked for you as well.

0人赞添加讨论(0) 举报

疯言疯语

6楼-- · 2019-01-03 14:43

I am not sure if intercepting function keys is possible, but I would avoid using function keys all together. Function keys are used by browsers to perform a variety of tasks, some of them quite common. For example, in Firefox on Linux, at least six or seven of the function keys are reserved for use by the browser:

F1 (Help),
F3 (Search),
F5 (Refresh),
F6 (focus address bar),
F7 (caret browsing mode),
F11 (full screen mode), and
F12 (used by several add-ons, including Firebug)

The worst part is that different browsers on different operating systems use different keys for different things. That's a lot of differences to account for. You should stick to safer, less commonly used key combinations.

0人赞添加讨论(0) 举报

劫难

7楼-- · 2019-01-03 14:47

Without other external class you can create your personal hack code simply using

event.keyCode

Another help for all, I think is this test page for intercept the keyCode (simply copy and past in new file.html for testing your event).

 <html>
 <head>
 <title>Untitled</title>
 <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
 <style type="text/css">
 td,th{border:2px solid #aaa;}
 </style>
 <script type="text/javascript">
 var t_cel,tc_ln;
 if(document.addEventListener){ //code for Moz
   document.addEventListener("keydown",keyCapt,false); 
   document.addEventListener("keyup",keyCapt,false);
   document.addEventListener("keypress",keyCapt,false);
 }else{
   document.attachEvent("onkeydown",keyCapt); //code for IE
   document.attachEvent("onkeyup",keyCapt); 
   document.attachEvent("onkeypress",keyCapt); 
 }
 function keyCapt(e){
   if(typeof window.event!="undefined"){
    e=window.event;//code for IE
   }
   if(e.type=="keydown"){
    t_cel[0].innerHTML=e.keyCode;
    t_cel[3].innerHTML=e.charCode;
   }else if(e.type=="keyup"){
    t_cel[1].innerHTML=e.keyCode;
    t_cel[4].innerHTML=e.charCode;
   }else if(e.type=="keypress"){
    t_cel[2].innerHTML=e.keyCode;
    t_cel[5].innerHTML=e.charCode;
   }
 }
 window.onload=function(){
   t_cel=document.getElementById("tblOne").getElementsByTagName("td");
   tc_ln=t_cel.length;
 }
 </script>
 </head>
 <body>
 <table id="tblOne">
 <tr>
 <th style="border:none;"></th><th>onkeydown</th><th>onkeyup</th><th>onkeypress</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <th>keyCode</th><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <th>charCode</th><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
 </tr>
 </table>
 <button onclick="for(i=0;i<tc_ln;i++){t_cel[i].innerHTML='&nbsp;'};">CLEAR</button>
 </body>
 </html>

Here is a working demo so you can try it right here:

var t_cel, tc_ln;
if (document.addEventListener) { //code for Moz
  document.addEventListener("keydown", keyCapt, false);
  document.addEventListener("keyup", keyCapt, false);
  document.addEventListener("keypress", keyCapt, false);
} else {
  document.attachEvent("onkeydown", keyCapt); //code for IE
  document.attachEvent("onkeyup", keyCapt);
  document.attachEvent("onkeypress", keyCapt);
}

function keyCapt(e) {
  if (typeof window.event != "undefined") {
    e = window.event; //code for IE
  }
  if (e.type == "keydown") {
    t_cel[0].innerHTML = e.keyCode;
    t_cel[3].innerHTML = e.charCode;
  } else if (e.type == "keyup") {
    t_cel[1].innerHTML = e.keyCode;
    t_cel[4].innerHTML = e.charCode;
  } else if (e.type == "keypress") {
    t_cel[2].innerHTML = e.keyCode;
    t_cel[5].innerHTML = e.charCode;
  }
}
window.onload = function() {
  t_cel = document.getElementById("tblOne").getElementsByTagName("td");
  tc_ln = t_cel.length;
}

td,
th {
  border: 2px solid #aaa;
}

<html>

<head>
  <title>Untitled</title>
  <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
</head>

<body>
  <table id="tblOne">
    <tr>
      <th style="border:none;"></th>
      <th>onkeydown</th>
      <th>onkeyup</th>
      <th>onkeypress</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <th>keyCode</th>
      <td>&nbsp;</td>
      <td>&nbsp;</td>
      <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <th>charCode</th>
      <td>&nbsp;</td>
      <td>&nbsp;</td>
      <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>
  </table>
  <button onclick="for(i=0;i<tc_ln;i++){t_cel[i].innerHTML='&nbsp;'};">CLEAR</button>
</body>

</html>

0人赞添加讨论(0) 举报

Handling key-press events (F1-F12) using JavaScrip

采纳回答

编辑标签

举报内容

检举类型

检举原因

检举说明(必填)

打开微信“扫一扫”，打开网页后点击屏幕右上角分享按钮

付费偷看金额在0.1-10元之间