Adding a chart legend in D3

2019-02-03 22:09发布

站内问答 / 前沿技术
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I am having trouble adding a chart legend to my d3js chart. Here is my current approach:

var legend = svg.append("g")
  .attr("class", "legend")
  .attr("x", w - 65)
  .attr("y", 25)
  .attr("height", 100)
  .attr("width", 100);

legend.append("rect")
  .attr("x", w - 65)
  .attr("y", 25)
  .attr("width", 10)
  .attr("height", 10)
  .style("fill", function(d) { return color_hash[dataset.indexOf(d)][1] });

legend.append("text")
  .attr("x", w - 65)
  .attr("y", 25)
  .text(function(d) { return color_hash[dataset.indexOf(d)][0] + ": " + d; });

Then I am attempting to style the .legend class:

.legend {
            padding: 5px;
            font: 10px sans-serif;
            background: yellow;
            box-shadow: 2px 2px 1px #888;
        }

But I'm not having much luck.

Is anyone familiar with adding legends to charts able to provide the best way to do so? I am not finding many resources for this online.

Here is my entire graph: http://jsbin.com/ewiwag/2/edit

标签： d3.js legend
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2条回答
萌系小妹纸
2楼-- · 2019-02-03 22:47

Ok, here's one way to do it: http://jsbin.com/isuris/1/edit

Sorry, had to make too many changes to be able to explain it all. See if you can figure it out. If you have questions, ask the in the comments and I'll modify the answer.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <script type="text/javascript" src="http://mbostock.github.com/d3/d3.js"></script>
    <style type="text/css">

      .axis path,
      .axis line {
        fill: none;
        stroke: black;
        shape-rendering: crispEdges;
      }

      .axis text {
        font-family: sans-serif;
        font-size: 11px;
      }

      .y1 {
        fill: white;
        stroke: orange;
        stroke-width: 1.5px;
      }

      .y2 {
        fill: white;
        stroke: red;
        stroke-width: 1.5px;
      }

      .y3 {
        fill: white;
        stroke: steelblue;
        stroke-width: 1.5px;
      }

      .line {
        fill: none;
        stroke-width: 1.5px;
      }

      div.tooltip {
              position: absolute;
              text-align: center;
              width: 50px;
              height: 10px;
              padding: 5px;
              font: 10px sans-serif;
              background: whiteSmoke;
              border: solid 1px #aaa;
              pointer-events: none;
              box-shadow: 2px 2px 1px #888;
            }

            .legend {
              padding: 5px;
              font: 10px sans-serif;
              background: yellow;
              box-shadow: 2px 2px 1px #888;
            }

            .title {
              font: 13px sans-serif;
            }

    </style>
  </head>
  <body>
    <script type="text/javascript">

    //Width and height
    var w = 500;
    var h = 300;
    var padding = 50;

    var now = d3.time.hour.utc(new Date);
    var dataset = [ [ ],[ ] ];
    dataset[0].push({x: d3.time.hour.utc.offset(now, -5), y: 0});
    dataset[0].push({x: d3.time.hour.utc.offset(now, -4), y: 0});
    dataset[0].push({x: d3.time.hour.utc.offset(now, -3), y: 2});
    dataset[0].push({x: d3.time.hour.utc.offset(now, -2), y: 0});
    dataset[0].push({x: d3.time.hour.utc.offset(now, -1), y: 0});
    dataset[0].push({x: now, y: 0});

    dataset[1].push({x: d3.time.hour.utc.offset(now, -5), y: 3});
    dataset[1].push({x: d3.time.hour.utc.offset(now, -4), y: 1});
    dataset[1].push({x: d3.time.hour.utc.offset(now, -3), y: 3});
    dataset[1].push({x: d3.time.hour.utc.offset(now, -2), y: 1});
    dataset[1].push({x: d3.time.hour.utc.offset(now, -1), y: 5});
    dataset[1].push({x: now, y: 1});

    var color_hash = {  0 : ["apple", "green"],
              1 : ["mango", "orange"],
              2 : ["cherry", "red"]
            }                      

    // Define axis ranges & scales        
    var yExtents = d3.extent(d3.merge(dataset), function (d) { return d.y; });
    var xExtents = d3.extent(d3.merge(dataset), function (d) { return d.x; });

  var xScale = d3.time.scale()
         .domain([xExtents[0], xExtents[1]])
         .range([padding, w - padding * 2]);

  var yScale = d3.scale.linear()
         .domain([0, yExtents[1]])
         .range([h - padding, padding]);


  // Create SVG element
  var svg = d3.select("body")
      .append("svg")
      .attr("width", w)
      .attr("height", h);


  // Define lines
  var line = d3.svg.line()
         .x(function(d) { return x(d.x); })
         .y(function(d) { return y(d.y1, d.y2, d.y3); });

  var pathContainers = svg.selectAll('g.line')
  .data(dataset);

  pathContainers.enter().append('g')
  .attr('class', 'line')
  .attr("style", function(d) {
    return "stroke: " + color_hash[dataset.indexOf(d)][1]; 
  });

  pathContainers.selectAll('path')
  .data(function (d) { return [d]; }) // continues the data from the pathContainer
  .enter().append('path')
    .attr('d', d3.svg.line()
      .x(function (d) { return xScale(d.x); })
      .y(function (d) { return yScale(d.y); })
    );

  // add circles
  pathContainers.selectAll('circle')
  .data(function (d) { return d; })
  .enter().append('circle')
  .attr('cx', function (d) { return xScale(d.x); })
  .attr('cy', function (d) { return yScale(d.y); })
  .attr('r', 3); 

    //Define X axis
  var xAxis = d3.svg.axis()
          .scale(xScale)
          .orient("bottom")
          .ticks(5);

  //Define Y axis
  var yAxis = d3.svg.axis()
          .scale(yScale)
          .orient("left")
          .ticks(5);

  //Add X axis
  svg.append("g")
  .attr("class", "axis")
  .attr("transform", "translate(0," + (h - padding) + ")")
  .call(xAxis);

  //Add Y axis
  svg.append("g")
  .attr("class", "axis")
  .attr("transform", "translate(" + padding + ",0)")
  .call(yAxis);

  // Add title    
  svg.append("svg:text")
       .attr("class", "title")
     .attr("x", 20)
     .attr("y", 20)
     .text("Fruit Sold Per Hour");


  // add legend   
  var legend = svg.append("g")
    .attr("class", "legend")
    .attr("x", w - 65)
    .attr("y", 25)
    .attr("height", 100)
    .attr("width", 100);

  legend.selectAll('g').data(dataset)
      .enter()
      .append('g')
      .each(function(d, i) {
        var g = d3.select(this);
        g.append("rect")
          .attr("x", w - 65)
          .attr("y", i*25)
          .attr("width", 10)
          .attr("height", 10)
          .style("fill", color_hash[String(i)][1]);

        g.append("text")
          .attr("x", w - 50)
          .attr("y", i * 25 + 8)
          .attr("height",30)
          .attr("width",100)
          .style("fill", color_hash[String(i)][1])
          .text(color_hash[String(i)][0]);

      });
    </script>
  </body>
</html>
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孤傲高冷的网名
3楼-- · 2019-02-03 23:00

You need to bind data to the nodes (rectangles and text elements) that make up the legend.

Currently you get an error when trying to style rectangles: 

Uncaught TypeError: Cannot read property '1' of undefined

The reason: there's no bound data

legend.append("rect")
      /*...*/
      .style("fill", function(d) { 
         // d <---- is undefined
         return color_hash[dataset.indexOf(d)][1] 
      });

Notice that D3 focuses on data transformation and operates on selections. So, first select a set of nodes and then bind data

legend.selectAll('rect')
      .data(dataset)
      .enter()

Once you enter the selection with enter, you can add nodes and apply properties dynamically. Notice that to avoid creating rectangles on top of others, when setting the y property pass the i counter and multiply it by an integer.

  /*.....*/
      .append("rect")
      .attr("x", w - 65)
      .attr("y", function(d, i){ return i *  20;})
      .attr("width", 10)
      .attr("height", 10)
      .style("fill", function(d) { 
         var color = color_hash[dataset.indexOf(d)][1];
         return color;
      });

Here's the fixed example: http://jsbin.com/ubafur/3

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