Splitting string into multiple rows in Oracle

Question

I know this has been answered to some degree with PHP and MYSQL, but I was wondering if someone could teach me the simplest approach to splitting a string (comma delimited) into multiple rows in Oracle 10g (preferably) and 11g.

The table is as follows:

Name | Project | Error 
108    test      Err1, Err2, Err3
109    test2     Err1

I want to create the following:

Name | Project | Error
108    Test      Err1
108    Test      Err2 
108    Test      Err3 
109    Test2     Err1

I've seen a few potential solutions around stack, however they only accounted for a single column (being the comma delimited string). Any help would be greatly appreciated.

Answer 1

REGEXP_COUNT wasn't added until Oracle 11i. Here's an Oracle 10g solution, adopted from Art's solution.

SELECT trim(regexp_substr('Err1, Err2, Err3', '[^,]+', 1, LEVEL)) str_2_tab
  FROM dual
CONNECT BY LEVEL <=
  LENGTH('Err1, Err2, Err3')
    - LENGTH(REPLACE('Err1, Err2, Err3', ',', ''))
    + 1;

Answer 2

Without using connect by or regexp:

    with mytable as (
      select 108 name, 'test' project, 'Err1,Err2,Err3' error from dual
      union all
      select 109, 'test2', 'Err1' from dual
    )
    ,x as (
      select name
      ,project
      ,','||error||',' error
      from mytable
    )
    ,iter as (SELECT rownum AS pos
        FROM all_objects
    )
    select x.name,x.project
    ,SUBSTR(x.error
      ,INSTR(x.error, ',', 1, iter.pos) + 1
      ,INSTR(x.error, ',', 1, iter.pos + 1)-INSTR(x.error, ',', 1, iter.pos)-1
    ) error
    from x, iter
    where iter.pos < = (LENGTH(x.error) - LENGTH(REPLACE(x.error, ','))) - 1;

Answer 3

A couple of more examples of the same:

SELECT trim(regexp_substr('Err1, Err2, Err3', '[^,]+', 1, LEVEL)) str_2_tab
  FROM dual
CONNECT BY LEVEL <= regexp_count('Err1, Err2, Err3', ',')+1
/

SELECT trim(regexp_substr('Err1, Err2, Err3', '[^,]+', 1, LEVEL)) str_2_tab
  FROM dual
CONNECT BY LEVEL <= length('Err1, Err2, Err3') - length(REPLACE('Err1, Err2, Err3', ',', ''))+1
/

Also, may use DBMS_UTILITY.comma_to_table & table_to_comma: http://www.oracle-base.com/articles/9i/useful-procedures-and-functions-9i.php#DBMS_UTILITY.comma_to_table

Answer 4

Here is an alternative implementation using XMLTABLE that allows for casting to different data types:

select 
  xmltab.txt
from xmltable(
  'for $text in tokenize("a,b,c", ",") return $text'
  columns 
    txt varchar2(4000) path '.'
) xmltab
;

... or if your delimited strings are stored in one or more rows of a table:

select 
  xmltab.txt
from (
  select 'a;b;c' inpt from dual union all
  select 'd;e;f' from dual
) base
inner join xmltable(
  'for $text in tokenize($input, ";") return $text'
  passing base.inpt as "input"
  columns 
    txt varchar2(4000) path '.'
) xmltab
  on 1=1
;

Answer 5

The accepted answer has poor performance when using large datasets.

This may be an improved way (also with regexp and connect by):

with temp as
(
    select 108 Name, 'test' Project, 'Err1, Err2, Err3' Error  from dual
    union all
    select 109, 'test2', 'Err1' from dual
)
select distinct
  t.name, t.project,
  trim(regexp_substr(t.error, '[^,]+', 1, levels.column_value))  as error
from 
  temp t,
  table(cast(multiset(select level from dual connect by  level <= length (regexp_replace(t.error, '[^,]+'))  + 1) as sys.OdciNumberList)) levels
order by name

EDIT: Here is a simple (as in, "not in depth") explanation of the query.

1. length (regexp_replace(t.error, '[^,]+')) + 1 uses regexp_replace to erase anything that is not the delimiter (comma in this case) and length +1 to get how many elements (errors) are there.

2. The select level from dual connect by level <= (...) uses a hierarchical query to create a column with an increasing number of matches found, from 1 to the total number of errors.

   Preview:

   select level, length (regexp_replace('Err1, Err2, Err3', '[^,]+'))  + 1 as max 
   from dual connect by level <= length (regexp_replace('Err1, Err2, Err3', '[^,]+'))  + 1
   

3. table(cast(multiset(.....) as sys.OdciNumberList)) does some casting of oracle types.
   • The cast(multiset(.....)) as sys.OdciNumberList transforms multiple collections (one collection for each row in the original data set) into a single collection of numbers, OdciNumberList.
   • The table() function transforms a collection into a resultset.

4. FROM without a join creates a cross join between your dataset and the multiset. As a result, a row in the data set with 4 matches will repeat 4 times (with an increasing number in the column named "column_value").

   Preview:

   select * from 
   temp t,
   table(cast(multiset(select level from dual connect by  level <= length (regexp_replace(t.error, '[^,]+'))  + 1) as sys.OdciNumberList)) levels
   

5. trim(regexp_substr(t.error, '[^,]+', 1, levels.column_value)) uses the column_value as the nth_appearance/ocurrence parameter for regexp_substr.
6. You can add some other columns from your data set (t.name, t.project as an example) for easy visualization.

Some references to Oracle docs:

• REGEXP_REPLACE
• REGEXP_SUBSTR
• Extensibility Constants, Types, and Mappings (OdciNumberList)
• CAST (multiset)
• Hierarchical Queries

Answer 6

regular expressions is a wonderful thing :)

with temp as  (
       select 108 Name, 'test' Project, 'Err1, Err2, Err3' Error  from dual
       union all
       select 109, 'test2', 'Err1' from dual
     )

SELECT distinct Name, Project, trim(regexp_substr(str, '[^,]+', 1, level)) str
  FROM (SELECT Name, Project, Error str FROM temp) t
CONNECT BY instr(str, ',', 1, level - 1) > 0
order by Name