How do I serialize a C# anonymous type to a JSON s

Question

I'm attempting to use the following code to serialize an anonymous type to JSON:

var serializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(thing.GetType());
var ms = new MemoryStream();
serializer.WriteObject(ms, thing);
var json = Encoding.Default.GetString(ms.ToArray()); 

However, I get the following exception when this is executed:

Type '<>f__AnonymousType1`3[System.Int32,System.Int32,System.Object[]]' cannot be serialized. Consider marking it with the DataContractAttribute attribute, and marking all of its members you want serialized with the DataMemberAttribute attribute. See the Microsoft .NET Framework documentation for other supported types.

I can't apply attributes to an anonymous type (as far as I know). Is there another way to do this serialization or am I missing something?

Answer 1

Assuming you are using this for a web service, you can just apply the following attribute to the class:

[System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]

Then the following attribute to each method that should return Json:

[ScriptMethod(ResponseFormat = ResponseFormat.Json)]

And set the return type for the methods to be "object"

Answer 2

public static class JsonSerializer
{
    public static string Serialize<T>(this T data)
    {
        try
        {
            DataContractJsonSerializer serializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(T));
            var stream = new MemoryStream();
            serializer.WriteObject(stream, data);
            string jsonData = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(stream.ToArray(), 0, (int)stream.Length);
            stream.Close();
            return jsonData;
        }
        catch
        {
            return "";
        }
    }
    public static T Deserialize<T>(this string jsonData)
    {
        try
        {
            DataContractJsonSerializer slzr = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(T));
            var stream = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(jsonData));
            T data = (T)slzr.ReadObject(stream);
            stream.Close();
            return data;
        }
        catch
        {
            return default(T);
        }
    }
}

Answer 3

You can try my ServiceStack JsonSerializer it's the fastest .NET JSON serializer at the moment. It supports serializing DataContract's, Any POCO Type, Interfaces, Late-bound objects including anonymous types, etc.

Basic Example

var customer = new Customer { Name="Joe Bloggs", Age=31 };
var json = customer.ToJson();
var fromJson = json.FromJson<Customer>(); 

Note: Only use Microsofts JavaScriptSerializer if performance is not important to you as I've had to leave it out of my benchmarks since its up to 40x-100x slower than the other JSON serializers.

Answer 4

Try the JavaScriptSerializer instead of the DataContractJsonSerializer

JavaScriptSerializer serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();
var output = serializer.Serialize(your_anon_object);

Answer 5

As others have mentioned, Newtonsoft JSON.NET is a good option. Here is a specific example for simple JSON serialization:

return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(
    new
    {
       DataElement1,
       SomethingElse
    });

I have found it to be a very flexible, versatile library.

Answer 6

I would argue that you shouldn't be serializing an anonymous type. I know the temptation here; you want to quickly generate some throw-away types that are just going to be used in a loosely type environment aka Javascript in the browser. Still, I would create an actual type and decorate it as Serializable. Then you can strongly type your web methods. While this doesn't matter one iota for Javascript, it does add some self-documentation to the method. Any reasonably experienced programmer will be able to look at the function signature and say, "Oh, this is type Foo! I know how that should look in JSON."

Having said that, you might try JSON.Net to do the serialization. I have no idea if it will work