Android: How to stretch an image to the screen wid

Question

I want to download an image (of unknown size, but which is always roughly square) and display it so that it fills the screen horizontally, and stretches vertically to maintain the aspect ratio of the image, on any screen size. Here is my (non-working) code. It stretches the image horizontally, but not vertically, so it is squashed...

ImageView mainImageView = new ImageView(context);
    mainImageView.setImageBitmap(mainImage); //downloaded from server
    mainImageView.setScaleType(ScaleType.FIT_XY);
    //mainImageView.setAdjustViewBounds(true); 
    //with this line enabled, just scales image down
    addView(mainImageView,new LinearLayout.LayoutParams( 
            LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT, LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT));

Answer 1

In some cases this magic formula beautifully solves the problem.

For anyone struggling with this coming from another platform, the "size and shape to fit" option is handled beautifully in Android, but it's hard to find.

You typically want this combination:

• width match parent,
• height wrap content,
• adjustViewBounds turned ON (sic)
• scale fitCenter
• cropToPadding OFF (sic)

Then it's automatic and amazing.

If you're an iOS dev, it's utterly amazing how simply you can do "totally dynamic cell heights" in a table view .. err, I mean ListView. Enjoy.

<com.parse.ParseImageView
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:id="@+id/post_image"
    android:src="@drawable/icon_192"
    android:layout_margin="0dp"
    android:cropToPadding="false"
    android:adjustViewBounds="true"
    android:scaleType="fitCenter"
    android:background="#eff2eb"/>

Answer 2

Look there is a far easier solution to your problem:

ImageView imageView;

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.your_layout);
    imageView =(ImageView)findViewById(R.id.your_imageView);
    Bitmap imageBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.your_image);
    Point screenSize = new Point();
    getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getSize(screenSize);
    Bitmap temp = Bitmap.createBitmap(screenSize.x, screenSize.x, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
    Canvas canvas = new Canvas(temp);
    canvas.drawBitmap(imageBitmap,null, new Rect(0,0,screenSize.x,screenSize.x), null);
    imageView.setImageBitmap(temp);
}

Answer 3

A very simple solution is to just use the features provided by RelativeLayout.

Here is the xml that makes it possible with standard Android Views:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ScrollView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:fillViewport="true">

    <RelativeLayout 
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        >
        <LinearLayout
            android:id="@+id/button_container"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:orientation="vertical"
            android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
            >
            <Button
                android:text="button"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
            <Button
                android:text="button"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
            <Button
                android:text="button"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
        </LinearLayout>
        <ImageView 
            android:src="@drawable/cat"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:adjustViewBounds="true"
            android:scaleType="centerCrop"
            android:layout_above="@id/button_container"/>
    </RelativeLayout>
</ScrollView>

The trick is that you set the ImageView to fill the screen but it has to be above the other layouts. This way you achieve everything you need.

Answer 4

I just read the source code for ImageView and it is basically impossible without using the subclassing solutions in this thread. In ImageView.onMeasure we get to these lines:

        // Get the max possible width given our constraints
        widthSize = resolveAdjustedSize(w + pleft + pright, mMaxWidth, widthMeasureSpec);

        // Get the max possible height given our constraints
        heightSize = resolveAdjustedSize(h + ptop + pbottom, mMaxHeight, heightMeasureSpec);

Where h and w are the dimensions of the image, and p* is the padding.

And then:

private int resolveAdjustedSize(int desiredSize, int maxSize,
                               int measureSpec) {
    ...
    switch (specMode) {
        case MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED:
            /* Parent says we can be as big as we want. Just don't be larger
               than max size imposed on ourselves.
            */
            result = Math.min(desiredSize, maxSize);

So if you have a layout_height="wrap_content" it will set widthSize = w + pleft + pright, or in other words, the maximum width is equal to the image width.

This means that unless you set an exact size, images are NEVER enlarged. I consider this to be a bug, but good luck getting Google to take notice or fix it. Edit: Eating my own words, I submitted a bug report and they say it has been fixed in a future release!

Another solution

Here is another subclassed workaround, but you should (in theory, I haven't really tested it much!) be able to use it anywhere you ImageView. To use it set layout_width="match_parent", and layout_height="wrap_content". It is quite a lot more general than the accepted solution too. E.g. you can do fit-to-height as well as fit-to-width.

import android.content.Context;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.widget.ImageView;

// This works around the issue described here: http://stackoverflow.com/a/12675430/265521
public class StretchyImageView extends ImageView
{

    public StretchyImageView(Context context)
    {
        super(context);
    }

    public StretchyImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs)
    {
        super(context, attrs);
    }

    public StretchyImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle)
    {
        super(context, attrs, defStyle);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec)
    {
        // Call super() so that resolveUri() is called.
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);

        // If there's no drawable we can just use the result from super.
        if (getDrawable() == null)
            return;

        final int widthSpecMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
        final int heightSpecMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);

        int w = getDrawable().getIntrinsicWidth();
        int h = getDrawable().getIntrinsicHeight();
        if (w <= 0)
            w = 1;
        if (h <= 0)
            h = 1;

        // Desired aspect ratio of the view's contents (not including padding)
        float desiredAspect = (float) w / (float) h;

        // We are allowed to change the view's width
        boolean resizeWidth = widthSpecMode != MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;

        // We are allowed to change the view's height
        boolean resizeHeight = heightSpecMode != MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;

        int pleft = getPaddingLeft();
        int pright = getPaddingRight();
        int ptop = getPaddingTop();
        int pbottom = getPaddingBottom();

        // Get the sizes that ImageView decided on.
        int widthSize = getMeasuredWidth();
        int heightSize = getMeasuredHeight();

        if (resizeWidth && !resizeHeight)
        {
            // Resize the width to the height, maintaining aspect ratio.
            int newWidth = (int) (desiredAspect * (heightSize - ptop - pbottom)) + pleft + pright;
            setMeasuredDimension(newWidth, heightSize);
        }
        else if (resizeHeight && !resizeWidth)
        {
            int newHeight = (int) ((widthSize - pleft - pright) / desiredAspect) + ptop + pbottom;
            setMeasuredDimension(widthSize, newHeight);
        }
    }
}

Answer 5

You are setting the ScaleType to ScaleType.FIT_XY. According to the javadocs, this will stretch the image to fit the whole area, changing the aspect ratio if necessary. That would explain the behavior you are seeing.

To get the behavior you want... FIT_CENTER, FIT_START, or FIT_END are close, but if the image is narrower than it is tall, it will not start to fill the width. You could look at how those are implemented though, and you should probably be able to figure out how to adjust it for your purpose.

Answer 6

This working fine as per my requirement

<ImageView android:id="@+id/imgIssue" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:adjustViewBounds="true" android:scaleType="fitXY"/>