How to update an assembly for a running c# process

Question

I have a .exe assembly and a set of referenced assemblies that I would like to be able to deploy updated code for. I don't need to actually change the running code, but the next time I launch the executable I would want it to pick up the updated code. Currently when I attempt to copy over the running file I get an error about the .exe being used by another process.

To summarize; how can I update the code while the .exe is in use?

Answer 1

The best idea would be one of the other answers already suggested... like using recomposition with MEF and or ClickOnce. However, those solutions won't help you for "this deploy". They require you to make changes to the exe and or create a boot strap executable, which will only help you for the next deploy.

For this deploy you can try doing this (I've never done this before, but theoretically it could work):

1. Copy your new dll's to a subfolder somewhere
2. Add a command line xcopy command to the RunOnce registry key to copy the new dll from the subfolder to the final exe folder where you want it to go.
3. Reboot.

The RunOnce key contains command line commands which are Run Once on reboot, and then removed from the registry so they don't run again. This is how InstallShield allows you to overwrite certain dll's while they are in use by other applications.

Answer 2

ClickOnce gives you some options. There is an update strategy of "update after application startup."

For more complex scenarios, there is the System.Deployment namespace. For example, you could periodically poll for updates in your application.

Answer 3

What about the following:

1. Deploy the exe to an update folder.
2. Whenever the app starts up, it would check the update folder.
3. If its not empty, execute a copy program
4. The copy program would then replace the existing exe with the one in the update folder
5. Delete anything in the update folder
6. Then relaunch the exe

Answer 4

It is easy to do. You can rename the file, Windows has a lock on the handle, not the directory entry for the file. Now you can just copy the update without problems. All that's left to do is to get rid of the renamed file after your app starts up again. If necessary.

Answer 5

This class will rename the currently running executable, if it completes without exception, you can simply write the new executable, then relaunch, eg:

Ourself.Rename();
// Download or copy new version
File.Copy(newVersion, Ourself.FileName());
// Launch new version
System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(Ourself.FileName());
// Close current version
Close(); // Exit();

Easy enough?

class Ourself
{
    public static string FileName() {
        Assembly _objParentAssembly;

        if (Assembly.GetEntryAssembly() == null)
            _objParentAssembly = Assembly.GetCallingAssembly();
        else
            _objParentAssembly = Assembly.GetEntryAssembly();

        if (_objParentAssembly.CodeBase.StartsWith("http://"))
            throw new IOException("Deployed from URL");

        if (File.Exists(_objParentAssembly.Location))
            return _objParentAssembly.Location;
        if (File.Exists(System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.FriendlyName))
            return System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.FriendlyName;
        if (File.Exists(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location))
            return Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location;

        throw new IOException("Assembly not found");
    }

    public static bool Rename()
    {
        string currentName = FileName();
        string newName = FileName() + ".ori";
        if (File.Exists(newName))
        {
            File.Delete(newName);
        }
        File.Move(currentName, newName);
        return true;
    }
}

Answer 6

I don't think this is possible. For example, when deploying asp.net applications with zero downtime, best practice is to have a load balancer so you can take down one instance, update it, then take down the other for update.