Make a div fill the height of the remaining screen-第5页回答

I am currently working on a web application, where I want the content to fill the height of the entire screen.

The page has a header, which contains a logo, and account information. This could be an arbitrary height. I want the content div to fill the rest of the page to the bottom.

I have a header div and a content div. At the moment I am using a table for the layout like so:

CSS and HTML

#page {
    height: 100%; width: 100%
}

#tdcontent {
    height: 100%;
}

#content {
    overflow: auto; /* or overflow: hidden; */
}

<table id="page">
    <tr>
        <td id="tdheader">
            <div id="header">...</div>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td id="tdcontent">
            <div id="content">...</div>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table>

The entire height of the page is filled, and no scrolling is required.

For anything inside the content div, setting top: 0; will put it right underneath the header. Sometimes the content will be a real table, with it's height set to 100%. Putting header inside content will not allow this to work.

Is there a way to achieve the same effect without using the table?

Update:

Elements inside the content div will have heights set to percentages as well. So something at 100% inside the div will fill it to the bottom. As will two elements at 50%.

Update 2:

For instance, if the header takes up 20% of the screen's height, a table specified at 50% inside #content would take up 40% of the screen space. So far, wrapping the entire thing in a table is the only thing that works.

标签： css html html-table

30条回答

素衣白纱

2楼-- · 2018-12-30 23:49

It's dynamic calc the remining screen space, better using Javascript.

You can use CSS-IN-JS technology, like below lib:

https://github.com/cssobj/cssobj

DEMO: https://cssobj.github.io/cssobj-demo/

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ら面具成の殇う

3楼-- · 2018-12-30 23:50

CSS only Approach (If height is known/fixed)

When you want the middle element to span across entire page vertically, you can use calc() which is introduced in CSS3.

Assuming we have a fixed height header and footer elements and we want the section tag to take entire available vertical height...

Demo

Assumed markup

<header>100px</header>
<section>Expand me for remaining space</section>
<footer>150px</footer>

So your CSS should be

html, body {
    height: 100%;
}

header {
    height: 100px;
    background: grey;
}

section {
    height: calc(100% - (100px + 150px)); 
    /* Adding 100px of header and 150px of footer */

    background: tomato;
}

footer {
    height: 150px;
    background-color: blue;
}

So here, what am doing is, adding up the height of elements and than deducting from 100% using calc() function.

Just make sure that you use height: 100%; for the parent elements.

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梦醉为红颜

4楼-- · 2018-12-30 23:53

There really isn't a sound, cross-browser way to do this in CSS. Assuming your layout has complexities, you need to use JavaScript to set the element's height. The essence of what you need to do is:

Element Height = Viewport height - element.offset.top - desired bottom margin

Once you can get this value and set the element's height, you need to attach event handlers to both the window onload and onresize so that you can fire your resize function.

Also, assuming your content could be larger than the viewport, you will need to set overflow-y to scroll.

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不流泪的眼

5楼-- · 2018-12-30 23:53

Disclaimer: The accepted answer gives the idea of the solution, but I'm finding it a bit bloated with an unnecessary wrapper and css rules. Below is a solution with very few css rules.

HTML 5

<body>
    <header>Header with an arbitrary height</header>
    <main>
        This container will grow so as to take the remaining height
    </main>
</body>

CSS

body {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  min-height: 100vh;       /* body takes whole viewport's height */
}

main {
  flex: 1;                 /* this will make the container take the free space */
}

Solution above uses viewport units and flexbox, and is therefore IE10+, providing you use the old syntax for IE10.

Codepen to play with: link to codepen

Or this one, for those needing the main container to be scrollable in case of overflowing content: link to codepen

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残风、尘缘若梦

6楼-- · 2018-12-30 23:54

2015 update: the flexbox approach

There are two other answers briefly mentioning flexbox; however, that was more than two years ago, and they don't provide any examples. The specification for flexbox has definitely settled now.

Note: Though CSS Flexible Boxes Layout specification is at the Candidate Recommendation stage, not all browsers have implemented it. WebKit implementation must be prefixed with -webkit-; Internet Explorer implements an old version of the spec, prefixed with -ms-; Opera 12.10 implements the latest version of the spec, unprefixed. See the compatibility table on each property for an up-to-date compatibility status.

(taken from https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Guide/CSS/Flexible_boxes)

All major browsers and IE11+ support Flexbox. For IE 10 or older, you can use the FlexieJS shim.

To check current support you can also see here: http://caniuse.com/#feat=flexbox

Working example

With flexbox you can easily switch between any of your rows or columns either having fixed dimensions, content-sized dimensions or remaining-space dimensions. In my example I have set the header to snap to its content (as per the OPs question), I've added a footer to show how to add a fixed-height region and then set the content area to fill up the remaining space.

html,
body {
  height: 100%;
  margin: 0
}

.box {
  display: flex;
  flex-flow: column;
  height: 100%;
}

.box .row {
  border: 1px dotted grey;
}

.box .row.header {
  flex: 0 1 auto;
  /* The above is shorthand for:
  flex-grow: 0,
  flex-shrink: 1,
  flex-basis: auto
  */
}

.box .row.content {
  flex: 1 1 auto;
}

.box .row.footer {
  flex: 0 1 40px;
}

<!-- Obviously, you could use HTML5 tags like `header`, `footer` and `section` -->

<div class="box">
  <div class="row header">
    <p><b>header</b>
      <br />
      <br />(sized to content)</p>
  </div>
  <div class="row content">
    <p>
      <b>content</b>
      (fills remaining space)
    </p>
  </div>
  <div class="row footer">
    <p><b>footer</b> (fixed height)</p>
  </div>
</div>

In the CSS above, the flex property shorthands the flex-grow, flex-shrink, and flex-basis properties to establish the flexibility of the flex items. Mozilla has a good introduction to the flexible boxes model.

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看淡一切

7楼-- · 2018-12-30 23:55

it never worked for me in other way then with use of the JavaScript as NICCAI suggested in the very first answer. I am using that approach to rescale the <div> with the Google Maps.

Here is the full example how to do that (works in Safari/FireFox/IE/iPhone/Andorid (works with rotation)):

CSS

body {
  height: 100%;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

.header {
  height: 100px;
  background-color: red;
}

.content {
  height: 100%;
  background-color: green;
}

function resize() {
  // Get elements and necessary element heights
  var contentDiv = document.getElementById("contentId");
  var headerDiv = document.getElementById("headerId");
  var headerHeight = headerDiv.offsetHeight;

  // Get view height
  var viewportHeight = document.getElementsByTagName('body')[0].clientHeight;

  // Compute the content height - we want to fill the whole remaining area
  // in browser window
  contentDiv.style.height = viewportHeight - headerHeight;
}

window.onload = resize;
window.onresize = resize;

HTML

<body>
  <div class="header" id="headerId">Hello</div>
  <div class="content" id="contentId"></div>
</body>

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