Equivalent of d with std::stringstream?

Question

I want to output an integer to a std::stringstream with the equivalent format of printf's %02d. Is there an easier way to achieve this than:

std::stringstream stream;
stream.setfill('0');
stream.setw(2);
stream << value;

Is it possible to stream some sort of format flags to the stringstream, something like (pseudocode):

stream << flags("%02d") << value;

Answer 1

You can use the standard manipulators from <iomanip> but there isn't a neat one that does both fill and width at once:

stream << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << value;

It wouldn't be hard to write your own object that when inserted into the stream performed both functions:

stream << myfillandw( '0', 2 ) << value;

E.g.

struct myfillandw
{
    myfillandw( char f, int w )
        : fill(f), width(w) {}

    char fill;
    int width;
};

std::ostream& operator<<( std::ostream& o, const myfillandw& a )
{
    o.fill( a.fill );
    o.width( a.width );
    return o;
}

Answer 2

You can't do that much better in standard C++. Alternatively, you can use Boost.Format:

stream << boost::format("%|02|")%value;

Answer 3

Is it possible to stream some sort of format flags to the stringstream?

Unfortunately the standard library doesn't support passing format specifiers as a string, but you can do this with the fmt library:

std::string result = fmt::format("{:02}", value); // Python syntax

or

std::string result = fmt::sprintf("%02d", value); // printf syntax

You don't even need to construct std::stringstream. The format function will return a string directly.

Disclaimer: I'm the author of the fmt library.

Answer 4

You can use

stream<<setfill('0')<<setw(2)<<value;