Can I extend a class using more than 1 class in PH

Question

If I have several classes with functions that I need but want to store separately for organisation, can I extend a class to have both?

i.e. class a extends b extends c

edit: I know how to extend classes one at a time, but I'm looking for a method to instantly extend a class using multiple base classes - AFAIK you can't do this in PHP but there should be ways around it without resorting to class c extends b, class b extends a

Answer 1

<?php
// what if we want to extend more then one class?

Abstract class ExtensionBridge
{
    // array containing all the extended classes
    private $_exts = array();
    public $_this;

    function __construct(){$_this = $this;}

    public function addExt($object)
    {
        $this->_exts[]=$object;
    }

    public function __get($varname)
    {
        foreach($this->_exts as $ext)
        {
            if(property_exists($ext,$varname))
            return $ext->$varname;
        }
    }

    public function __call($method,$args)
    {
        foreach($this->_exts as $ext)
        {
            if(method_exists($ext,$method))
            return call_user_method_array($method,$ext,$args);
        }
        throw new Exception("This Method {$method} doesn't exists");
    }


}

class Ext1{
private $name="";
private $id="";
public function setID($id){$this->id = $id;}
public function setName($name){$this->name = $name;}
public function getID(){return $this->id;}
public function getName(){return $this->name;}
}

class Ext2{
private $address="";
private $country="";
public function setAddress($address){$this->address = $address;}
public function setCountry($country){$this->country = $country;}
public function getAddress(){return $this->address;}
public function getCountry(){return $this->country;}
}

class Extender extends ExtensionBridge
{
    function __construct()
    {
        parent::addExt(new Ext1());
        parent::addExt(new Ext2());
    }

    public function __toString()
    {
        return $this->getName().', from: '.$this->getCountry();
    }
}

$o = new Extender();
$o->setName("Mahdi");
$o->setCountry("Al-Ahwaz");
echo $o;
?>

Answer 2

If you want to check if a function is public see this topic : https://stackoverflow.com/a/4160928/2226755

And use call_user_func_array(...) method for many or not arguments.

Like this :

class B {
    public function method_from_b($s) {
        echo $s;
    }
}

class C {
    public function method_from_c($l, $l1, $l2) {
        echo $l.$l1.$l2;
    }
}

class A extends B {
    private $c;

    public function __construct() {
        $this->c = new C;
    }

    public function __call($method, $args) {
        if (method_exists($this->c, $method)) {
            $reflection = new ReflectionMethod($this->c, $method);
            if (!$reflection->isPublic()) {
                throw new RuntimeException("Call to not public method ".get_class($this)."::$method()");
            }

            return call_user_func_array(array($this->c, $method), $args);
        } else {
            throw new RuntimeException("Call to undefined method ".get_class($this)."::$method()");
        }
    }
}


$a = new A;
$a->method_from_b("abc");
$a->method_from_c("d", "e", "f");

Answer 3

Use traits as base classes. Then use them in a parent class. Extend it .

trait business{
  function sell(){

  }

  function buy(){

  }

  function collectMoney(){
  }

}

trait human{

   function think(){

   }

   function speak(){

   }

}

class BusinessPerson{
  use business;
  use human;
  // If you have more traits bring more
}


class BusinessWoman extends BusinessPerson{

   function getPregnant(){

   }

}


$bw = new BusinessWoman();
$bw ->speak();
$bw->getPregnant();

See now business woman logically inherited business and human both;

Answer 4

PHP does not yet support multiple class inheritance, it does however support multiple interface inheritance.

See http://www.hudzilla.org/php/6_17_0.php for some examples.

Answer 5

Always good idea is to make parent class, with functions ... i.e. add this all functionality to parent.

And "move" all classes that use this hierarchically down. I need - rewrite functions, which are specific.

Answer 6

I have read several articles discouraging inheritance in projects (as opposed to libraries/frameworks), and encouraging to program agaisnt interfaces, no against implementations.
They also advocate OO by composition: if you need the functions in class a and b, make c having members/fields of this type:

class C
{
    private $a, $b;

    public function __construct($x, $y)
    {
        $this->a = new A(42, $x);
        $this->b = new B($y);
    }

    protected function DoSomething()
    {
        $this->a->Act();
        $this->b->Do();
    }
}