Python CGI - UTF-8 doesn't work

2019-01-17 18:29发布

站内问答 / Python
1779 2 5

For HTML5 and Python CGI:

If I write UTF-8 Meta Tag, my code doesn't work. If I don't write, it works.

Page encoding is UTF-8.

print("Content-type:text/html")
print()
print("""
    <!doctype html>
    <html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
    </head>
    <body>
        şöğıçü
    </body>
    </html>
""")

This codes doesn't work.

print("Content-type:text/html")
    print()
    print("""
        <!doctype html>
        <html>
        <head></head>
        <body>
            şöğıçü
        </body>
        </html>
    """)

But this codes works.

2条回答
男人必须洒脱
2楼-- · 2019-01-17 18:58

From https://ru.stackoverflow.com/a/352838/11350

First dont forget to set encoding in file

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

Then try

import sys
import codecs

sys.stdout = codecs.getwriter("utf-8")(sys.stdout.detach())

Or if you use apache2, add to your conf.

AddDefaultCharset UTF-8    
SetEnv PYTHONIOENCODING utf8
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看我几分像从前
3楼-- · 2019-01-17 19:05

For CGI, using print() requires that the correct codec has been set up for output. print() writes to sys.stdout and sys.stdout has been opened with a specific encoding and how that is determined is platform dependent and can differ based on how the script is run. Running your script as a CGI script means you pretty much do not know what encoding will be used.

In your case, the web server has set the locale for text output to a fixed encoding other than UTF-8. Python uses that locale setting to produce output in in that encoding, and without the <meta> header your browser correctly guesses that encoding (or the server has communicated it in the Content-Type header), but with the <meta> header you are telling it to use a different encoding, one that is incorrect for the data produced.

You can write directly to sys.stdout.buffer, after explicitly encoding to UTF-8. Make a helper function to make this easier:

import sys

def enc_print(string='', encoding='utf8'):
    sys.stdout.buffer.write(string.encode(encoding) + b'\n')

enc_print("Content-type:text/html")
enc_print()
enc_print("""
    <!doctype html>
    <html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
    </head>
    <body>
        şöğıçü
    </body>
    </html>
""")

Another approach is to replace sys.stdout with a new io.TextIOWrapper() object that uses the codec you need:

import sys
import io

def set_output_encoding(codec, errors='strict'):
    sys.stdout = io.TextIOWrapper(
        sys.stdout.detach(), errors=errors,
        line_buffering=sys.stdout.line_buffering)

set_output_encoding('utf8')

print("Content-type:text/html")
print()
print("""
    <!doctype html>
    <html>
    <head></head>
    <body>
        şöğıçü
    </body>
    </html>
""")
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