In Eclipse, in the menu, I can go to Window -> Preferences -> Keys and set the Scheme to "Emacs." I can also click "Export" at the bottom-right hand side of the dialog to export a .CSV file containing a listing of my keyboard mappings.
How do I re-import this configuration into a different installation of Eclipse? The File -> Import option seems to neither support .CSV files or a specific keyboard configuration file.
You could try exporting and importing all of your preferences
Export File->Export...->General->Preferences
Import File->Import...->General->Preferences
Something that should work is to export all preferences and then import them in the other install. But I know no way to do that for the keyboard prefs alone.
I agree that it would make sense. I suggest you open a bug report against Eclipse. Maybe it really is a missing feature (or the solution is too simple and we don't see it).
The key configuration is relative to each workspace. You can find your configuration files at your workspace directory:
I haven't figured out yet which of these files corresponds to your keyboard configuration. There's also a user configuration folder at your home folder (~/.eclipse in GNU/Linux systems). You'll probably find the right file somewhere over these directories.