There is a lot of variety when it comes to the different types of programmers. In general, is beneficial for a programmer to learn how to build a compiler? In what cases would compiler programming be, or not be, needed?
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I think my compiler & language theory course at University really had an enormous influence on my understanding of computer languages, even a decade afterwards. But I'm not really sure I'd need to implement a compiler for this.
Understanding the process of compilation is a general approach to understanding how the computer works, and therefore provides a broad scope of understanding. Many modern programmers work in complex environments that require little of this understanding, at least on basic levels. An example is java, which hides the linking step of compilation from the developer.
Knowledge is knowledge, it is almost always useful. In my case, I found understanding compilation process exceptionally usefull when doing performance enhancement, which is my job. (I work in a super low latency environment)
If you do all your work in PHP mySql that is great. Just remember that all technologies get outdated, and you will need to understand the next great thing. Having "general knowledge" like understanding compilation provides a conceptional buffer between you and those shmucks who can't adapt.
Learn how to learn.
I am in the process of reading through The Dragon Book (Compilers) and during the beginning of the book you are greeted with the following:
In short, you won't just be learning how to build a compiler. You'll be learning many different lower-level techniques along the way to assist you in everyday programming. Although some say it is a dated book I still enjoy it and I would recommend it, even though the reading can get a bit heavy. If you do get it leave a good amount of time to read it and understand it.
While few programmers will ever end up having to implement a compiler, the earlier stages of compiler building, namely lexing and parsing are something that can come up far more often: Who hasn't had to write a parser for some strange file format? Usually, those are simple enough to manage without experience in compiler building, but not always.
This is like asking "is it beneficial for a programmer to have more programming knowledge?". The simple is that yes, it is beneficial. How much will it benefit day to day non-compiler-building programing affairs is hard to guess. But it will definitely teach you about how the internals of what you are doing work, how to manipulate strings to dictate logic and possibly help you debug better regardless of what you use.
I think, it is better to learn from knowledge point of view. At least you can look into existing compiler source code and understand the typical compilation steps and complexity involved in each phase of compilation.