What is the best way to do GUIs in Clojure?

2019-01-15 23:55发布

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What is the best way to do GUIs in Clojure?

Is there an example of some functional Swing or SWT wrapper? Or some integration with JavaFX declarative GUI description which could be easily wrapped to s-expressions using some macrology?

Any tutorials?

16条回答
放荡不羁爱自由
2楼-- · 2019-01-16 00:29

I asked myself the same question of writing a GUI in Clojure with Swing and came up with this library:

https://github.com/jonasseglare/signe

It lets you use represent your domain model as a single Clojure data structure wrapped inside an atom.

See the examples here: https://github.com/jonasseglare/signe/blob/master/src/signe/examples.clj

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Animai°情兽
3楼-- · 2019-01-16 00:32

I will humbly suggest Seesaw.

Here's a REPL-based tutorial that assumes no Java or Swing knowledge.

Seesaw's a lot like what @tomjen suggests. Here's "Hello, World":

(use 'seesaw.core)

(-> (frame :title "Hello"
       :content "Hello, Seesaw"
       :on-close :exit)
  pack!
  show!)

and here's @Abhijith and @dsm's example, translated pretty literally:

(ns seesaw-test.core
  (:use seesaw.core))

(defn handler
  [event]
  (alert event
    (str "<html>Hello from <b>Clojure</b>. Button "
      (.getActionCommand event) " clicked.")))

(-> (frame :title "Hello Swing" :on-close :exit
           :content (button :text "Click Me" :listen [:action handler]))
  pack!
  show!)
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闹够了就滚
4楼-- · 2019-01-16 00:33

I've been developing a Java applet in which everything is written in Clojure except the applet code, which is written in Java. The applet invokes the Clojure code's callbacks of init, paint, etc from java's hooks for those methods that are defined by the applet model. So the code ends up being 99.999 percent Clojure and you don't have to think about the tiny Java piece at all for the most part.

There are some drawbacks to this approach, which I hope to discuss in more detail on the Clojure Google Group. I think the Clojure developers should include a native way of building applications. Presently you can do whatever GUI stuff you like from the REPL, but if you want a deliverable GUI application, it is necessary to write some Java to call the Clojure code. Also, it seems like the architecture of a Java Applet kind of forces you outside of Clojure's more idiomatic best practices, requiring you to use mutable state, etc.

But also, I am not very far along with Clojure yet and it might be the case that it is possible and I just haven't discovered how to do it correctly yet.

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Rolldiameter
5楼-- · 2019-01-16 00:34

Here is another very basic swing wrapping example.

; time for some swing
(import '(javax.swing JFrame JTable JScrollPane))
(import '(javax.swing.table DefaultTableModel))

(let 
  [frame (JFrame. "Hello Swing")
    dm (DefaultTableModel.)
      table (JTable. dm)
        scroll (JScrollPane. table)]
  (doto dm
      (.setNumRows 30)
        (.setColumnCount 5))
  (.. frame getContentPane (add scroll))
    (doto frame
      (.setDefaultCloseOperation JFrame/EXIT_ON_CLOSE) 
        (.pack)
        (.setVisible true)))
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