I either dreamt about chrome (dev channel) implementing a way to update the address bar via javascript (the path, not domain) without reloading the page or they really have done this.
However, I can't find the article I think I read.
Am I crazy or is there a way to do this (in Chrome)?
p.s. I'm not talking about window.location.hash, et al. If the above exists the answer to this question will be untrue.
Changing only what's after hash - old browsers
Changing full URL. Chrome, Firefox, IE10+
The above will add a new entry to the history so you can press Back button to go to the previous state. To change the URL in place without adding a new entry to history use
Try running these in the console now!
Update to Davids answer to even detect browsers doesn't support pushstate:
You can now do this in most "modern" browsers!
Here is the original article I read (posted July 10, 2010): HTML5: Changing the browser-URL without refreshing page.
For a more in-depth look into pushState/replaceState/popstate (aka the HTML5 History API) see the MDN docs.
TL;DR, you can do this:
See my answer to Modify the URL without reloading the page for a basic how-to.