why fs.createReadStream only pipe one time?

Question

I want pipe fs.createReadStream twice, the code is here:

fs.createReadStream('pdf-sample1.pdf')
  .pipe(fs.createWriteStream('pdf-sample2.pdf'))
  .pipe(fs.createWriteStream('pdf-sample3.pdf'))

But i meet an error:

Error: Cannot pipe. Not readable.
    at WriteStream.Writable.pipe (_stream_writable.js:162:22)
    at repl:1:86
    at REPLServer.defaultEval (repl.js:132:27)
    at bound (domain.js:254:14)
    at REPLServer.runBound [as eval] (domain.js:267:12)
    at REPLServer.<anonymous> (repl.js:279:12)
    at REPLServer.emit (events.js:107:17)
    at REPLServer.Interface._onLine (readline.js:214:10)
    at REPLServer.Interface._line (readline.js:553:8)
    at REPLServer.Interface._ttyWrite (readline.js:830:14)

who can tell me the reason?

Answer 1

You can't pipe a readable stream to another readable stream. The flow is:

readable.pipe(writable);

A writable, is this case, could be:

• a Writable Stream;
• a Duplex Stream;
• or a Transform Stream.

So, if you're trying to read multiple files and pipe them to a writable stream, you have to pipe each one to the writable stream and and pass end: false when doing it, because by default, a readable stream ends the writable stream when there's no more data to be read. Here's an example:

var ws = fs.createWriteStream('output.pdf');

fs.createReadStream('pdf-sample1.pdf').pipe(ws, { end: false });
fs.createReadStream('pdf-sample2.pdf').pipe(ws, { end: false });
fs.createReadStream('pdf-sample3.pdf').pipe(ws);

Of course, this is not the best way to do it, you could implement a function to wrap this logic in a more generic way, maybe with a loop or a recursive solution.

An even simpler solution would be to use a module that already solved this problem, like this one here.