What free JVM implementation has the best PermGen

Question

I'm running Tomcat6 in Sun's JRE6 and every couple deploys I get OutOfMemoryException: PermGen. I've done the Googling of PermGen solutions and tried many fixes. None work. I read a lot of good things about Oracle's JRockit and how its PermGen allocation can be gigs in size (compare to Sun's 128M) and while it doesn't solve the problem, it would allow me to redeploy 100 times between PermGen exceptions compared to 2 times now.

The problem with JRockit is to use it in production you need to buy WebLogic which costs thousands of dollars. What other (free) options exist that are more forgiving of PermGen expansion? How do the below JVMs do in this area?

• IBM JVM
• Open JDK
• Blackdown
• Kaffe

...others?

Update: Some people have asked why I thought PermGen max was 128M. The reason is because any time I try to raise it above 128M my JVM fails to initialize:

[2009-06-18 01:39:44] [info] Error occurred during initialization of VM [2009-06-18 01:39:44] [info] Could not reserve enough space for object heap [2009-06-18 01:39:44] [395 javajni.c] [error] CreateJavaVM Failed

It's strange that it fails trying to reserve space for the object heap, though I'm not sure it's "the" heap instead of "a" heap.

I boot the JVM with 1024MB initial and 1536MB max heap.

I will close this question since it has been answered, ie. "switching is useless" and ask instead Why does my Sun JVM fail with larger PermGen settings?

Answer 1

Changing JVM is not a panacea. You can get new unexpected issues (e.g. see an article about launching an application under 4 different JVM).

• You can have a class leak (e.g. via classloaders) that mostly often happen on redeploy. Frankly, I've never saw working hot redeploy on Tomcat (hope to see one day).
• You can have incorrect JVM paramaters (e.g. for Sun JDK 6 64 bits -XX:+UseParNewGC switch leads to leak PermGen segment of memory. If you add additional switches: -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -XX:+CMSClassUnloadingEnabled-XX:+CMSPermGenSweepingEnabled the situation will be resolved. Funny, but I never met above mentioned leak with Sun JDK 6 32 bits). Link to an article "Tuning JVM Garbage Collection for Production Deployments".
• Your PermGen chunk can be not enough to load classes and related information (actually that most often happens after redeploy under Tomcat, old classes stay in memory and new ones are loading)

From my past experience, debugging that kind of leak is one of the most tricky kind of debugging that I've ever had.

[UPDATED]

Useful article how to eliminate classloader link on an application redeploy.