Spring JPA no transaction is in progress

Question

I am new to Spring and JPA, wasted 5 days and no result with searching internet. I want to save object to SQL SERVER, connection is correct but when I write .flush() I get the exception

nested exception is javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException: no transaction is in progress

This is my jpaContext.xml

     <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd">

<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.misha.service"/>
<context:component-scan base-package="com.misha.repository"/>
<context:component-scan base-package="com.misha.model"/>

<bean
    class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor" />

<bean id="myEntityManager"
    class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.misha.model"/>
    <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="test" /> 
    <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
        <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter" />
    </property>
    <property name="jpaProperties">
        <props>
            <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServerDialect</prop>
        </props>
    </property>
</bean>
<bean id="dataSource"
    class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver" />
    <property name="url"
        value="jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://127.0.0.1;instance=SQLEXPRESS;DatabaseName=misha" />
    <property name="username" value="sa" />
    <property name="password" value="root" />
</bean>

<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
    <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="myEntityManager" />
</bean>

  <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>  

</beans>

This is my persistence.xml file:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence version="2.1" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_1.xsd">
    <persistence-unit name="test" >
        <class>com.misha.model.Table1</class>
    </persistence-unit> 
</persistence>

This is my Service implementation:

@Service("manService")
public class SaveManImpl implements SaveMan {
//  
    @Autowired
    private ManRepositoryImpl manRepo;


    @Transactional
    public Table1 save(Table1 table) {
        manRepo.save(table);
        return null;
    }

}

And finally my Repository implementation:

@Repository("manRepository")
public class ManRepositoryImpl implements ManRepository {

    @PersistenceContext
    private EntityManager em;   

    public Table1 save(Table1 table){
        em.persist(table);
        em.flush();
        return table;
    }
}

From the exception, Spring cant see @Transactional annotation, am I right ? I tried to put the annotation above repository save method, no result, after this above Service save method, the same here. Thanks in advance

I call the save method in my Controller

    package com.misha.controllers;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import com.misha.model.Table1;
import com.misha.service.SaveMan;

@Controller
public class ManController {
    @Autowired 
    SaveMan saveMan; // this is service interface


    @RequestMapping(value="/test1")
    public String saveMan(){
        Table1 tab = new Table1();
        tab.setName("name");
        saveMan.save(tab);          
        return "saveMan";
    }   
}

Error stack:

SEVERE: Servlet.service() for servlet [fitTrackerServlet] in context with path [/test] threw exception [Request processing failed; nested exception is javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException: no transaction is in progress] with root cause
javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException: no transaction is in progress
    at org.hibernate.jpa.spi.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.checkTransactionNeeded(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1171)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.spi.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.flush(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1332)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.ExtendedEntityManagerCreator$ExtendedEntityManagerInvocationHandler.invoke(ExtendedEntityManagerCreator.java:365)
    at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy20.flush(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.SharedEntityManagerCreator$SharedEntityManagerInvocationHandler.invoke(SharedEntityManagerCreator.java:240)
    at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy20.flush(Unknown Source)
    at com.misha.repository.ManRepositoryImpl.save(ManRepositoryImpl.java:21)
    at com.misha.service.SaveManImpl.save(SaveManImpl.java:19)
    at com.misha.controllers.ManController.saveMan(ManController.java:21)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.support.HandlerMethodInvoker.invokeHandlerMethod(HandlerMethodInvoker.java:175)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:421)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.handle(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:409)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:774)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:719)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:644)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:549)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:618)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:725)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:291)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:219)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:106)
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:501)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:142)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:610)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:88)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:537)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1085)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:658)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11NioProtocol.java:222)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1556)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1513)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)

Spring configuration file

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">

    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <!--<mvc:resources location="pdfs" mapping="/pdfs/**" />
    <mvc:resources location="/resources" mapping="/resources/**"/> -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.misha.controllers"></context:component-scan>
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.misha.repository" />
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.misha.service" />

    <context:annotation-config/>

    <bean
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
        <property name="order" value="0"></property>
    </bean>


<bean id="contentNegotiatingViewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.ContentNegotiatingViewResolver">
  <property name="order" value="1" />
  <property name="mediaTypes">
    <map>
      <entry key="json" value="application/json" />
      <entry key="xml" value="application/xml" />
      <entry key="request" value="text/html" />
    </map>
  </property>
  <property name="favorPathExtension" value="false" />
  <property name="favorParameter" value="true" />
  <property name="defaultViews">
    <list>

    </list>
  </property>
</bean>

<bean class="org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource"  >
    <property name="basename" value="WEB-INF/messages"></property>

</bean>


</beans>

Answer 1

To make the story short, try adding @Transactional at the very beginning of your method. That was an issue in my case.

Answer 2

You have two Spring contexts:

1. the main one, configured by jpaContext.xml, where beans from the service and repository packages are scanned, and proxied by a transactional interceptor.

2. the mvc one, configured by the other xml file (you didn't name it) whose role is to describe the MVC part of the application, i.e. define and configure for example the controller beans, the view resolver, etc. This context is a child of the main one.

The problem is that you also scan the service and repository packages in this child context. You thus end up with two instances of each service and repository:

• one in the main context, which is transactional
• one in the child context, which is not (since the child context doesn't care about transaction management)

The controller is thus injected with a service coming from the same context as the controller: the not transactional one.

To confirm that, you could add traces in the constructor of the beans and see how many times they are instantiated.

And to avoid the problem, there are two solutions:

• avoid scanning the repository and service packages in the mvc context: this context should only care about mvc-related beans. When Spring injects a service in a controller, it would thus not find the service in the mvc context, and thus look it up, and find it in the main context. The transactional service would thus be injected.
• use a single context: the one of the servlet, where all the beans in the application would be defined.

Answer 3

You should introduce your entity manager to your transaction manager, so that when you annotate your function with @Transactionalit loads instances from the pool

<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
    <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="myEmf" />
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven />

HTH!