git-subtree pull complications

Question

We have been trying to get git-subtree working on a project (with git version 1.7.9.4) and have run into a bit of a complication. Someone else previous added the subtree with this command some months ago:

git subtree add --prefix=foo [e-mail]:foo.git master

Now there have been substantive changes to foo and we'd like to merge in those changes, ideally squashing them in. None of the files have been modified since they were imported.

I've tried three things to try and merge in the changes.

First:

git subtree pull --squash -P foo [e-mail]:foo.git master

Which throws the exception: Can't squash-merge: 'foo' was never added.

Second:

git subtree pull -P foo [e-mail]:foo.git master

This works (sort of), but has the issue of pulling in all of the commits and has conflicts with the files that have been modified.

Finally, I tried this:

git pull --squash -s subtree [e-mail]:foo.git  master

This gives me the desired result, with the output Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested and all of the files showing up as modified (with the correct content).

Ideally I'd like to continue using first git-subtree version and get an output close to the last version. If we have to use the last version consistently going forward, we will, but I am a little confused as to why the last one doesn't produce merge conflicts while the middle one does.

Any help is appreciated.

Answer 1

I've been experiencing the same error Can't squash-merge: 'foo' was never added. with sourcetree 1.7.0 whenever I do a pull on a subtree. However, I believe my case is different because I'm using subdirectories.

Sourcetree does something as follows:
git -c diff.mnemonicprefix=false -c core.quotepath=false subtree pull -P dir1\subdir1 --squash remote-repo master

And obviously, if we were to try it again in Git Bash (Git version 2.6.1.windows.1), it would be:
git subtree pull -P "dir1\subdir1" --squash remote-repo master

However that failed. The following also failed although the command syntax is fine:
git subtree pull -P dir1/subdir1 --squash remote-repo master

The solution I found to make it work is to use Git Bash with the following command:
git subtree pull -P "dir1/subdir" --squash remote-repo master

I guess that there is still some work to be done for Git's command-line processing engine.

Answer 2

This also happens, if the current clone is a partial clone (e.g., when using --depth=1). This is the default at GitHub Actions V2.

In the case of GitHub actions, this can be configured when using fetch-depth: 0 at the checkout step:

jobs:
  test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Checkout source
        uses: actions/checkout@v2
        with:
          ref: master
          fetch-depth: 0

Answer 3

I had the same problem, and in my case it seems to be due to the initial subtree commit being merge-squashed into the master branch.

Looking through the subtree source I found this: https://github.com/git/git/blob/master/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.sh#L224

It looks like subtree greps your git log for git-subtree-dir: foo but doesn't find a suitable commit. Try git log --grep="git-subtree-dir: foo/*\$", and if there's something weird with that commit, such as it being a merge commit, that could be the issue.

Just pulling without squashing worked for me, apart from the annoying merge conflicts. I did that in a temporary branch which I then git merge --squashed into another branch to avoid a messier history. It could've been rebased instead too of course.