Convert xml to json with Java

2020-02-04 21:06发布

站内问答 / Java
1449 7 4

Is there a way to convert a xml file to json? The XML can be of any structure, therefore there is no POJO class for instantiation. I need to convert the xml to json or to a Map, without root nodes.

For example:

<import name="person">
    <item>
        <firstName>Emil</firstName>
        <lastName>Example</lastName>
        <addresses>
            <address>
                <street>Example Blvd.</street>
            </address>
            <address>
                <street>Example Ave.</street>
            </address>
        </addresses>
    </item>
</import>

Expected JSON

{
    "firstName": "Emil",
    "lastName": "Example",
    "addresses": [
        { "street" : "Example Blvd." },
        { "street" : "Example Ave." }
    ]
}

标签： java xml json
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7条回答
兄弟一词,经得起流年.
2楼-- · 2020-02-04 21:14 
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import org.json.XML;

XML.toJSONObject(xml_text).toString()

org.json.XML

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老娘就宠你
3楼-- · 2020-02-04 21:18

If you are using Java 8, you should check out my open source library: unXml. unXml basically maps from Xpaths to Json-attributes.

It's available on Maven Central.

Example

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.node.ObjectNode;
import com.nerdforge.unxml.factory.ParsingFactory;
import com.nerdforge.unxml.parsers.Parser;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;

public class ParserExample {
    public ObjectNode parseXml(String xml){
        Parsing parsing = ParsingFactory.getInstance().create();
        Document document = parsing.xml().document(xml);

        Parser<ObjectNode> parser = parsing.obj("//item")
            .attribute("firstName", "firstName")
            .attribute("lastName", "lastName")
            .attribute("addresses", parsing.arr("addresses/address", parsing.obj()
                .attribute("street", "street")
            ))
            .build();

        ObjectNode result = parser.apply(document);
        return result;
    }
}

It will return a Jackson ObjectNode, with the json from your example.

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▲ chillily
4楼-- · 2020-02-04 21:20

You can Use JSON and XML Library from json.org

import org.json.JSONObject;
import org.json.XML;
import org.junit.Test;

public class XmlToJsonTest {
    private static final String XML_TEXT = "<note>\n" +
            "<to>Tove</to>\n" +
            "<from>Jani</from>\n" +
            "<heading>Reminder</heading>\n" +
            "<body>Don't forget me this weekend!</body>\n" +
            "</note>";
    private static final int PRETTY_PRINT_INDENT_FACTOR = 4;

    @Test
    public void convert() {
        JSONObject xmlJSONObj = XML.toJSONObject(XML_TEXT);
        String jsonPrettyPrintString = xmlJSONObj.toString(PRETTY_PRINT_INDENT_FACTOR);
        System.out.println(jsonPrettyPrintString);
    }
}

Source

<note>
    <to>Tove</to>
    <from>Jani</from>
    <heading>Reminder</heading>
    <body>Don't forget me this weekend!</body>
</note>

Output

{"note": {
    "heading": "Reminder",
    "from": "Jani",
    "to": "Tove",
    "body": "Don't forget me this weekend!"
}}
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Anthone
5楼-- · 2020-02-04 21:29

You can use standard tools for it

  1. Use the tool xjc from your jdk to generate Java classes from schema

    Since Java 9 you must use explicitly add JAXB as module with –add-modules java.se.ee See: How to resolve java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/xml/bind/JAXBException in Java 9

Since Java 11 you have to download xjc in an extra step from https://javaee.github.io/jaxb-v2/

  1. Read in as XML write out as JSON using Jackson

Example

With https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4.1/metadata.xsd

1. Use the tool xjc from your jdk

In my example I will use a fairly complex example based on datacite schemas.

/path/to/jdk/bin/xjc -d /path/to/java/project \
-p stack24174963.datacite \
 https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4.1/metadata.xsd

This will reply with

parsing a schema...
compiling a schema...
stack24174963/datacite/Box.java
stack24174963/datacite/ContributorType.java
stack24174963/datacite/DateType.java
stack24174963/datacite/DescriptionType.java
stack24174963/datacite/FunderIdentifierType.java
stack24174963/datacite/NameType.java
stack24174963/datacite/ObjectFactory.java
stack24174963/datacite/Point.java
stack24174963/datacite/RelatedIdentifierType.java
stack24174963/datacite/RelationType.java
stack24174963/datacite/Resource.java
stack24174963/datacite/ResourceType.java
stack24174963/datacite/TitleType.java
stack24174963/datacite/package-info.java

2. Read in as XML write out as JSON using Jackson

  import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
  import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializationFeature;

  import stack24174963.datacite.Resource;

  public class HowToXmlToJsonWithSchema {
    @Test
    public void readXmlAndConvertToSchema() throws Exception {
        String example = "schemas/datacite/kernel-4.1/example/datacite-example-complicated-v4.1.xml";
        try (InputStream in = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(example)) {
            Resource resource = JAXB.unmarshal(in, Resource.class);
            System.out.println(asJson(resource));
        }
    }

    private String asJson(Object obj) throws Exception {
        StringWriter w = new StringWriter();
        new ObjectMapper().configure(SerializationFeature.INDENT_OUTPUT, true).writeValue(w, obj);
        String result = w.toString();
        return result;
    }
  }

Prints:

 {
      "identifier" : {
        "value" : "10.5072/testpub",
        "identifierType" : "DOI"
      },
      "creators" : {
        "creator" : [ {
          "creatorName" : {
            "value" : "Smith, John",
            "nameType" : "PERSONAL"
          },
          "givenName" : "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-16\"?>\n<givenName xmlns=\"http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4\" xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\">John</givenName>",
          "familyName" : "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-16\"?>\n<familyName xmlns=\"http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4\" xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\">Smith</familyName>",
          "nameIdentifier" : [ ],
          "affiliation" : [ ]
        }, {
          "creatorName" : {
            "value" : "つまらないものですが",
            "nameType" : null
          },
          "givenName" : null,
          "familyName" : null,
          "nameIdentifier" : [ {
            "value" : "0000000134596520",
            "nameIdentifierScheme" : "ISNI",
            "schemeURI" : "http://isni.org/isni/"
          } ],
          "affiliation" : [ ]
        } ]
      },
      "titles" : {
        "title" : [ {
          "value" : "Właściwości rzutowań podprzestrzeniowych",
          "titleType" : null,
          "lang" : "pl"
        }, {
          "value" : "Translation of Polish titles",
          "titleType" : "TRANSLATED_TITLE",
          "lang" : "en"
        } ]
      },
      "publisher" : "Springer",
      "publicationYear" : "2010",
      "resourceType" : {
        "value" : "Monograph",
        "resourceTypeGeneral" : "TEXT"
      },
      "subjects" : {
        "subject" : [ {
          "value" : "830 German & related literatures",
          "subjectScheme" : "DDC",
          "schemeURI" : null,
          "valueURI" : null,
          "lang" : "en"
        }, {
          "value" : "Polish Literature",
          "subjectScheme" : null,
          "schemeURI" : null,
          "valueURI" : null,
          "lang" : "en"
        } ]
      },
      "contributors" : {
        "contributor" : [ {
          "contributorName" : {
            "value" : "Doe, John",
            "nameType" : "PERSONAL"
          },
          "givenName" : "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-16\"?>\n<givenName xmlns=\"http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4\" xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\">John</givenName>",
          "familyName" : "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-16\"?>\n<familyName xmlns=\"http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4\" xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\">Doe</familyName>",
          "nameIdentifier" : [ {
            "value" : "0000-0001-5393-1421",
            "nameIdentifierScheme" : "ORCID",
            "schemeURI" : "http://orcid.org/"
          } ],
          "affiliation" : [ ],
          "contributorType" : "DATA_COLLECTOR"
        } ]
      },
      "dates" : null,
      "language" : "de",
      "alternateIdentifiers" : {
        "alternateIdentifier" : [ {
          "value" : "937-0-4523-12357-6",
          "alternateIdentifierType" : "ISBN"
        } ]
      },
      "relatedIdentifiers" : {
        "relatedIdentifier" : [ {
          "value" : "10.5272/oldertestpub",
          "resourceTypeGeneral" : null,
          "relatedIdentifierType" : "DOI",
          "relationType" : "IS_PART_OF",
          "relatedMetadataScheme" : null,
          "schemeURI" : null,
          "schemeType" : null
        } ]
      },
      "sizes" : {
        "size" : [ "256 pages" ]
      },
      "formats" : {
        "format" : [ "pdf" ]
      },
      "version" : "2",
      "rightsList" : {
        "rights" : [ {
          "value" : "Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic",
          "rightsURI" : "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.0/",
          "lang" : null
        } ]
      },
      "descriptions" : {
        "description" : [ {
          "content" : [ "\n      Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea\n      takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores\n      et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.\n    " ],
          "descriptionType" : "ABSTRACT",
          "lang" : "la"
        } ]
      },
      "geoLocations" : null,
      "fundingReferences" : null
    }

For example input XML :

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <resource xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4" xsi:schemaLocation="http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 http://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4.1/metadata.xsd">
    <identifier identifierType="DOI">10.5072/testpub</identifier>
    <creators>
      <creator>
        <creatorName nameType="Personal">Smith, John</creatorName>
        <givenName>John</givenName>
        <familyName>Smith</familyName>
      </creator>
      <creator>
        <creatorName>つまらないものですが</creatorName>
        <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ISNI" schemeURI="http://isni.org/isni/">0000000134596520</nameIdentifier>
      </creator>
    </creators>
    <titles>
      <title xml:lang="pl">Właściwości rzutowań podprzestrzeniowych</title>
      <title xml:lang="en" titleType="TranslatedTitle">Translation of Polish titles</title>
    </titles>
    <publisher>Springer</publisher>
    <publicationYear>2010</publicationYear>
    <subjects>
      <subject xml:lang="en" subjectScheme="DDC">830 German &amp; related literatures</subject>
      <subject xml:lang="en">Polish Literature</subject>
    </subjects>
    <contributors>
      <contributor contributorType="DataCollector">
        <contributorName nameType="Personal">Doe, John</contributorName>
        <givenName>John</givenName>
        <familyName>Doe</familyName>
        <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID" schemeURI="http://orcid.org/">0000-0001-5393-1421</nameIdentifier>
      </contributor>
    </contributors>
    <language>de</language>
    <resourceType resourceTypeGeneral="Text">Monograph</resourceType>
    <alternateIdentifiers>
      <alternateIdentifier alternateIdentifierType="ISBN">937-0-4523-12357-6</alternateIdentifier>
    </alternateIdentifiers>
    <relatedIdentifiers>
      <relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="DOI" relationType="IsPartOf">10.5272/oldertestpub</relatedIdentifier>
    </relatedIdentifiers>
    <sizes>
      <size>256 pages</size>
    </sizes>
    <formats>
      <format>pdf</format>
    </formats>
    <version>2</version>
    <rightsList>
      <rights rightsURI="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic</rights>
    </rightsList>
    <descriptions>
      <description xml:lang="la" descriptionType="Abstract">
        Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea
        takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores
        et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.
      </description>
    </descriptions>
  </resource>
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贼婆χ
6楼-- · 2020-02-04 21:32

On this website you find some helpful classes for your task.

public class Main {

    public static int PRETTY_PRINT_INDENT_FACTOR = 4;
    public static String TEST_XML_STRING = "Your xml string here";

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            JSONObject xmlJSONObj = XML.toJSONObject(TEST_XML_STRING);
            String jsonPrettyPrintString = xmlJSONObj.toString(PRETTY_PRINT_INDENT_FACTOR);
            System.out.println(jsonPrettyPrintString);
        } catch (JSONException je) {
            System.out.println(je.toString());
        }
    }
}
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SAY GOODBYE
7楼-- · 2020-02-04 21:35

Underscore-java library has static method U.xmlToJson(xml). I am the maintainer of the project. Live example

import com.github.underscore.lodash.U;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        final String xml = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n<root>\n"
            + "  <FirstItem>1</FirstItem>\n  <SecondItem>2</SecondItem>\n</root>";
        System.out.println(U.xmlToJson(xml));
    }
}
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