Java: how do I check if a Date is within a certain

Question

I have a series of ranges with start dates and end dates. I want to check to see if a date is within that range.

Date.before() and Date.after() seem to be a little awkward to use. What I really need is something like this pseudocode:

boolean isWithinRange(Date testDate) {
    return testDate >= startDate && testDate <= endDate;
}

Not sure if it's relevant, but the dates I'm pulling from the database have timestamps.

Answer 1

This was clearer to me,

// declare calendar outside the scope of isWithinRange() so that we initialize it only once
private Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();

public boolean isWithinRange(Date date, Date startDate, Date endDate) {

    calendar.setTime(startDate);
    int startDayOfYear = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR); // first day is 1, last day is 365
    int startYear = calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR);

    calendar.setTime(endDate);
    int endDayOfYear = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);
    int endYear = calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR);

    calendar.setTime(date);
    int dayOfYear = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);
    int year = calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR);

    return (year > startYear && year < endYear) // year is within the range
            || (year == startYear && dayOfYear >= startDayOfYear) // year is same as start year, check day as well
            || (year == endYear && dayOfYear < endDayOfYear); // year is same as end year, check day as well

}

Answer 2

  public class TestDate {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    String fromDate = "18-FEB-2018";
    String toDate = "20-FEB-2018";

    String requestDate = "19/02/2018";  
    System.out.println(checkBetween(requestDate,fromDate, toDate));
}

public static boolean checkBetween(String dateToCheck, String startDate, String endDate) {
    boolean res = false;
    SimpleDateFormat fmt1 = new SimpleDateFormat("dd-MMM-yyyy"); //22-05-2013
    SimpleDateFormat fmt2 = new SimpleDateFormat("dd/MM/yyyy"); //22-05-2013
    try {
     Date requestDate = fmt2.parse(dateToCheck);
     Date fromDate = fmt1.parse(startDate);
     Date toDate = fmt1.parse(endDate);
     res = requestDate.compareTo(fromDate) >= 0 && requestDate.compareTo(toDate) <=0;
    }catch(ParseException pex){
        pex.printStackTrace();
    }
    return res;
   }
 }

Answer 3

An easy way is to convert the dates into milliseconds after January 1, 1970 (use Date.getTime()) and then compare these values.

Answer 4

tl;dr

ZoneId z = ZoneId.of( "America/Montreal" );  // A date only has meaning within a specific time zone. For any given moment, the date varies around the globe by zone.
LocalDate ld = 
    givenJavaUtilDate.toInstant()  // Convert from legacy class `Date` to modern class `Instant` using new methods added to old classes.
                     .atZone( z )  // Adjust into the time zone in order to determine date.
                     .toLocalDate();  // Extract date-only value.

LocalDate today = LocalDate.now( z );  // Get today’s date for specific time zone.
LocalDate kwanzaaStart = today.withMonth( Month.DECEMBER ).withDayOfMonth( 26 );  // Kwanzaa starts on Boxing Day, day after Christmas.
LocalDate kwanzaaStop = kwanzaaStart.plusWeeks( 1 );  // Kwanzaa lasts one week.
Boolean isDateInKwanzaaThisYear = (
    ( ! today.isBefore( kwanzaaStart ) ) // Short way to say "is equal to or is after".
    &&
    today.isBefore( kwanzaaStop )  // Half-Open span of time, beginning inclusive, ending is *exclusive*.
)

Half-Open

Date-time work commonly employs the "Half-Open" approach to defining a span of time. The beginning is inclusive while the ending is exclusive. So a week starting on a Monday runs up to, but does not include, the following Monday.

java.time

Java 8 and later comes with the java.time framework built-in. Supplants the old troublesome classes including java.util.Date/.Calendar and SimpleDateFormat. Inspired by the successful Joda-Time library. Defined by JSR 310. Extended by the ThreeTen-Extra project.

An Instant is a moment on the timeline in UTC with nanosecond resolution.

Instant

Convert your java.util.Date objects to Instant objects.

Instant start = myJUDateStart.toInstant();
Instant stop = …

If getting java.sql.Timestamp objects through JDBC from a database, convert to java.time.Instant in a similar way. A java.sql.Timestamp is already in UTC so no need to worry about time zones.

Instant start = mySqlTimestamp.toInstant() ;
Instant stop = …

Get the current moment for comparison.

Instant now = Instant.now();

Compare using the methods isBefore, isAfter, and equals.

Boolean containsNow = ( ! now.isBefore( start ) ) && ( now.isBefore( stop ) ) ;

LocalDate

Perhaps you want to work with only the date, not the time-of-day.

The LocalDate class represents a date-only value, without time-of-day and without time zone.

LocalDate start = LocalDate.of( 2016 , 1 , 1 ) ;
LocalDate stop = LocalDate.of( 2016 , 1 , 23 ) ;

To get the current date, specify a time zone. For any given moment, today’s date varies by time zone. For example, a new day dawns earlier in Paris than in Montréal.

LocalDate today = LocalDate.now( ZoneId.of( "America/Montreal" ) );

We can use the isEqual, isBefore, and isAfter methods to compare. In date-time work we commonly use the Half-Open approach where the beginning of a span of time is inclusive while the ending is exclusive.

Boolean containsToday = ( ! today.isBefore( start ) ) && ( today.isBefore( stop ) ) ;

Interval

If you chose to add the ThreeTen-Extra library to your project, you could use the Interval class to define a span of time. That class offers methods to test if the interval contains, abuts, encloses, or overlaps other date-times/intervals.

The Interval class works on Instant objects. The Instant class represents a moment on the timeline in UTC with a resolution of nanoseconds (up to nine (9) digits of a decimal fraction).

We can adjust the LocalDate into a specific moment, the first moment of the day, by specifying a time zone to get a ZonedDateTime. From there we can get back to UTC by extracting a Instant.

ZoneId z = ZoneId.of( "America/Montreal" );
Interval interval = 
    Interval.of( 
        start.atStartOfDay( z ).toInstant() , 
        stop.atStartOfDay( z ).toInstant() );
Instant now = Instant.now();
Boolean containsNow = interval.contains( now );

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About java.time

The java.time framework is built into Java 8 and later. These classes supplant the troublesome old legacy date-time classes such as java.util.Date, Calendar, & SimpleDateFormat.

The Joda-Time project, now in maintenance mode, advises migration to the java.time classes.

To learn more, see the Oracle Tutorial. And search Stack Overflow for many examples and explanations. Specification is JSR 310.

Where to obtain the java.time classes?

• Java SE 8 and SE 9 and later
  • Built-in.
  • Part of the standard Java API with a bundled implementation.
  • Java 9 adds some minor features and fixes.
• Java SE 6 and SE 7
  • Much of the java.time functionality is back-ported to Java 6 & 7 in ThreeTen-Backport.
• Android
  • The ThreeTenABP project adapts ThreeTen-Backport (mentioned above) for Android specifically.
  • See How to use….

The ThreeTen-Extra project extends java.time with additional classes. This project is a proving ground for possible future additions to java.time. You may find some useful classes here such as Interval, YearWeek, YearQuarter, and more.

Answer 5

Consider using Joda Time. I love this library and wish it would replace the current horrible mess that are the existing Java Date and Calendar classes. It's date handling done right.

EDIT: It's not 2009 any more, and Java 8's been out for ages. Use Java 8's built in java.time classes which are based on Joda Time, as Basil Bourque mentions below. In this case you'll want the Period class, and here's Oracle's tutorial on how to use it.

Answer 6

you can use like this

Interval interval = new Interval(date1.getTime(),date2.getTime());
Interval interval2 = new Interval(date3.getTime(), date4.getTime());
Interval overlap = interval.overlap(interval2);
boolean isOverlap = overlap == null ? false : true