Regular expression to extract part of a file path

问题:

I am new to regular expressions but I think people here may give me valuable inputs. I am using the logstash grok filter in which I can supply only regular expressions.

I have a string like this

/app/webpf04/sns882A/snsdomain/logs/access.log

I want to use a regular expression to get the sns882A part from the string, which is the substring after the third "/", how can I do that?

I am restricted to regex as grok only accepts regex. Is it possible to use regex for this?

回答1:

Yes you can use regular expression to get what you want via grok:

/[^/]+/[^/]+/(?<field1>[^/]+)/

回答2:

for your regex:

    /\w*\/\w*\/(\w*)\/

You can also test with: http://www.regextester.com/

By googling regex tester, you can have different UI.

回答3:

If you are indeed using Perl then you should use the File::Spec module like this

use strict;
use warnings;

use File::Spec;

my $path = '/app/webpf04/sns882A/snsdomain/logs/access.log';
my @path = File::Spec->splitdir($path);

print $path[3], "\n";

output

sns882A

回答4:

This is how I would do it in Perl:

my ($name) = ($fullname =~ m{^(?:/.*?){2}/(.*?)/});

EDIT: If your framework does not support Perl-ish non-grouping groups (?:xyz), this regex should work instead:

^/.*?/.*?/(.*?)/

If you are concerned about performance of .*?, this works as well:

^/[^/]+/[^/]+/([^/]+)/

One more note: All of regexes above will match string /app/webpf04/sns882A/.

But matching string is completely different from first matching group, which is sns882A in all three cases.

回答5:

Same answer but a small bug fix. If you doesnt specify ^ in starting,it will go for the next match(try longer paths adding more / for input.). To fix it just add ^ in the starting like this. ^ means starting of the input line. finally group1 is your answer.

^/[^/]+/[^/]+/([^/]+)/

If you are using any URI paths use below.(it will handle path aswell as URI).

^.*?/[^/]+/[^/]+/([^/]+)/