jq: selecting a subset of keys from an object

问题:

Given an input json string of keys from an array, return an object with only the entries that had keys in the original object and in the input array.

I have a solution but I think that it isn't elegant ({($k):$input[$k]} feels especially clunky...) and that this is a chance for me to learn.

jq -n '{"1":"a","2":"b","3":"c"}'   \
    | jq --arg keys '["1","3","4"]' \
    '. as $input 
     | ( $keys | fromjson )
     | map( . as $k
          | $input
          | select(has($k))
          | {($k):$input[$k]}
          )
     | add'

Any ideas how to clean this up?

I feel like Extracting selected properties from a nested JSON object with jq is a good starting place but i cannot get it to work.

回答1:

solution with inside check:

jq 'with_entries(select([.key] | inside(["key1", "key2"])))'

回答2:

You can use this filter:

with_entries(
    select(
        .key as $k | any($keys | fromjson[]; . == $k)
    )
)

回答3:

Jeff's answer has a couple of unnecessary inefficiencies, both of which are addressed by the following, on the assumption that --argjson keys is used instead of --arg keys:

with_entries( select( .key as $k | $keys | index($k) ) )

回答4:

the inside operator works for most of time; however, I just found the inside operator has side effect, sometimes it selected keys not desired, suppose input is { "key1": val1, "key2": val2, "key12": val12 } and select by inside(["key12"]) it will select both "key1" and "key12"

use the in operator if need an exact match: like this will select .key2 and .key12 only

jq 'with_entries(select(.key | in({"key2":1, "key12":1})))'

because the in operator checks key from an object only (or index exists? from an array), here it has to be written in an object syntax, with desired keys as keys, but values do not matter; the use of in operator is not a perfect one for this purpose, I would like to see the Javascript ES6 includes API's reverse version to be implemented as jq builtin

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/includes

jq 'with_entries(select(.key | included(["key2", "key12"])))'

to check an item .key is included? from an array

回答5:

Here is some additional clarification

For the input object {"key1":1, "key2":2, "key3":3} I would like to drop all keys that are not in the set of desired keys ["key1","key3","key4"]

 jq -n --argjson desired_keys '["key1","key3","key4"]'  \
       --argjson input '{"key1":1, "key2":2, "key3":3}' \
    ' $input
    | with_entries(
          select(
              .key == ($desired_keys[])
          )
       )'

with_entries converts {"key1":1, "key2":2, "key3":3} into the following array of key value pairs and maps the select statement on the array and then turns the resulting array back into an object.

Here is the inner object in the with_entries statement.

[
  {
    "key": "key1",
    "value": 1
  },
  {
    "key": "key2",
    "value": 2
  },
  {
    "key": "key3",
    "value": 3
  }
]

we can then select the keys from this array that meet our criteria.

This is where the magic happens... here is a look at whats going on in the middle of this command. The following command takes the expanded array of values and turns them into a list of objects that we can select from.

jq -cn '{"key":"key1","value":1}, {"key":"key2","value":2}, {"key":"key3","value":3}
      | select(.key == ("key1", "key3", "key4"))'

This will yield the following result

{"key":"key1","value":1}
{"key":"key3","value":3}

The with entries command can be a little tricky but its easy to remember that it takes a filter and is defined as follows

def with_entries(f): to_entries|map(f)|from_entries;

This is the same as

def with_entries(f): [to_entries[] | f] | from_entries;

The other part of the question that confuses people is the multiple matches on the right hand side of the ==

Consider the following command. We see the output is an outer production of all the left hand lists and the right hand lists.

jq -cn '1,2,3| . == (1,1,3)'
true
true
false
false
false
false
false
false
true

If that predicate is in a select statement, we keep the input when the predicate is true. Note you can duplicate the inputs here too.

jq -cn '1,2,3| select(. == (1,1,3))'
1
1
3