I want to transition the background colour of a fixed header element on scroll. So as a user scrolls down a full page block website, the header subtly changes to complement the block colours. I have almost achieved this on a Pen, however I can't quite work out how to measure how much has been scrolled as a flag for when to change.

Some extra info: The scroll amount to change at is 400px. The background colours are stored and fetched in an array. For reference my jQuery code is below:

$(document).ready(function(){
  var bgArray = ["#252525","#333333","#454545","#777777"];  
  var scrollHeight = 400;
  var scrolled = $(window).scrollTop(); //What is this measuring?

  $(window).scroll(function() { //Can these conditions be neatened into one function?
    if(scrolled < scrollHeight) {
      $('header').css('background', bgArray[0]);
    }
    if(scrolled > scrollHeight) { // i.e more than 400px
      $('header').css('background', bgArray[1]);
    }
    // and so on (800, 1200...)
  })
})

Please refer to the Pen for full code. Any suggestions are greatly appreciated!

回答1:

Updated Solution (2019)

To set a background for the header based on the current block in view below the header while scrolling:

because header has fixed position, we can get the amount by which window has scrolled by using $header.offset().top,
(index of the current block in view) is the ratio of (the amount by which window has scrolled) to the (height of each block),
now adjusting for the height of the header, the index of the current block in view is Math.floor(($header.offset().top + headerHeight) / sectionHeight).

See simplified demo below:

$(function() {
  var $header = $('header'),
    $window = $(window),
    bgArray = ["#252525", "red", "blue", "green"],
    headerHeight = 50,
    sectionHeight = 400;

  $window.scroll(function() {
    $header.css('background', bgArray[Math.floor(($header.offset().top + headerHeight)
        / sectionHeight)]);
  });
});

:root {
  --header: 50px; /* header height */
  --block: 400px; /* block height */
}

* {
  box-sizing: border-box; /* include padding in width / height calculations */
}

body {
  margin: 0; /* reset default margin of body */
}

header {
  height: var(--header); /* sets height of header */
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  color: #FFF;
  padding: 12px 0;
  background: #252525; /* initial background */
  transition: background 1s ease;
}

.container {
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.wrap>div {
  height: var(--block); /* sets height of each block */
  text-align: center;
}

p {
  margin: 0; /* reset margin of p */
}

.block-1 {
  background: #27AACC;
  color: #FFF;
}

.block-2 {
  background: #668E99;
  color: #FFF;
}

.block-3 {
  background: #4AFFC1;
  color: #444;
}

.block-4 {
  background: #FF8F8A;
  color: #FFF;
}

<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<header>
  <div class="container">
    Website Title.
  </div>
</header>

<div class="wrap">
  <div class="block-1">
    <div class="container">
      <p>This pen was made to solve a problem on a project...</p>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="block-2">
    <div class="container">
      <p>...I needed a sticky header with thr right bg colour.</p>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="block-3">
    <div class="container">
      <p>But this conflicted with the footer, which was the same colour...</p>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="block-4">
    <div class="container">
      <p>So the solution was to subtley change the header's bg on scroll</p>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

Original Solution

Check the top of each block with respect to how much the window has been scrolled (scrollTop) using $(window).scrollTop() > $('.block-1').offset().top. So now we can use this to change color on entering the block - see demo below:

$(document).ready(function() {
  var $header = $('header'),
    $window = $(window),
    bgArray = ["#252525", "#333333", "#454545", "#777777"],
    headerHeight = $header.outerHeight();

  $window.scroll(function() {
    for (var i = 1; i < 5; i++) {
      if ($window.scrollTop() + headerHeight > $('.block-' + i).offset().top) {
        $header.css('background', bgArray[i - 1]);
      }
    }
  });
});

@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:300,400,700');
body {
  font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif;
  font-size: 30px;
  font-weight: 300;
  margin-top: 0;
}

header {
  width: 100%;
  height: 50px;
  line-height: 50px;
  position: fixed;
  font-size: 24px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #FFF;
  padding: 12px 0;
  margin: 0;
  background: #252525;
  transition: background 1s ease;
}

.wrap {
  padding-top: 74px;
  margin: 0;
}

.container {
  width: 960px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.block-1,
.block-2,
.block-3,
.block-4 {
  height: 400px;
  text-align: center;
}

p {
  margin-top: 185px;
}

.block-1 {
  background: #27AACC;
  color: #FFF;
}

.block-2 {
  background: #668E99;
  color: #FFF;
}

.block-3 {
  background: #4AFFC1;
  color: #444;
}

.block-4 {
  background: #FF8F8A;
  color: #FFF;
}

<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<header>
  <div class="container">
    Website Title.
  </div>
</header>
<div class="wrap">
  <div class="block-1">
    <div class="container">
      <p>This pen was made to solve a problem on a project...</p>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="block-2">
    <div class="container">
      <p>...I needed a sticky header with thr right bg colour.</p>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="block-3">
    <div class="container">
      <p>But this conflicted with the footer, which was the same colour...</p>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="block-4">
    <div class="container">
      <p>So the solution was to subtley change the header's bg on scroll</p>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

Note that this solution needlessly loops through the sections on each scroll update called by the browser - and I don't like the look of it.

回答2:

you are using scrolled as a fixed variable you should use it directly in your condition

this will make it dynamic for all elements inside wrap div

$(document).ready(function(){
var bgArray = ["#252525","#333333","#454545","#777777"];
$(window).scroll(function() { 
    for(var i = 1; i < bgArray.length; i++) {
      if ($(window).scrollTop() > $('.wrap div:nth-child(' + i + ')').offset().top) {
        $('header').css('background', bgArray[i-1]);        
      }
    }
  });
})

回答3:

Try Like this:

$(document).ready(function(){
  var bgArray = ["#252525","#333333","#454545","#777777"];  
  var scrollHeight = 400;

  $(window).scroll(function() {

    var scrolled = $(window).scrollTop(); 

    var index=Number((scrolled/scrollHeight).toFixed());

    if(bgArray[index]!=undefined)
        $('header').css('background', bgArray[index]);

  });
})

This is current scroll, so it should be inside: $(window).scrollTop()