Gson TypeToken with dynamic ArrayList item type

问题:

I have this code:

Type typeOfObjectsList = new TypeToken<ArrayList<myClass>>() {}.getType();
List<myClass> objectsList = new Gson().fromJson(json, typeOfObjectsList);

It converts a JSON string to a List of objects. But now I want to have this ArrayList with a dynamic type (not just myClass), defined at runtime.

The ArrayList's item type will be defined with reflection.

I tried this:

    private <T> Type setModelAndGetCorrespondingList2(Class<T> type) {
        Type typeOfObjectsListNew = new TypeToken<ArrayList<T>>() {}.getType();
        return typeOfObjectsListNew;
    }

But it doesn't work. This is the exception:

java.sql.SQLException: Fail to convert to internal representation: {....my json....}

回答1:

The syntax you are proposing is invalid. The following

new TypeToken<ArrayList<Class.forName(MyClass)>>

is invalid because you're trying to pass a method invocation where a type name is expected.

The following

new TypeToken<ArrayList<T>>() 

is not possible because of how generics (type erasure) and reflection works. The whole TypeToken hack works because Class#getGenericSuperclass() does the following

Returns the Type representing the direct superclass of the entity (class, interface, primitive type or void) represented by this Class.

If the superclass is a parameterized type, the Type object returned must accurately reflect the actual type parameters used in the source code.

In other words, if it sees ArrayList<T>, that's the ParameterizedType it will return and you won't be able to extract the compile time value that the type variable T would have had.

Type and ParameterizedType are both interfaces. You can provide an instance of your own implementation.

回答2:

Since Gson 2.8.0, you can use TypeToken#getParameterized(Type rawType, Type... typeArguments) to create the TypeToken, then getType() should do the trick.

For example:

TypeToken.getParameterized(ArrayList.class, myClass).getType()

回答3:

Option 1 - implement java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType yourself and pass it to Gson.

private static class ListParameterizedType implements ParameterizedType {

    private Type type;

    private ListParameterizedType(Type type) {
        this.type = type;
    }

    @Override
    public Type[] getActualTypeArguments() {
        return new Type[] {type};
    }

    @Override
    public Type getRawType() {
        return ArrayList.class;
    }

    @Override
    public Type getOwnerType() {
        return null;
    }

    // implement equals method too! (as per javadoc)
}

Then simply:

Type type = new ListParameterizedType(clazz);
List<T> list = gson.fromJson(json, type);

Note that as per javadoc, equals method should also be implemented.

Option 2 - (don't do this) reuse gson internal...

This will work too, at least with Gson 2.2.4.

Type type = com.google.gson.internal.$Gson$Types.newParameterizedTypeWithOwner(null, ArrayList.class, clazz);

回答4:

This worked for me:

public <T> List<T> listEntity(Class<T> clazz)
        throws WsIntegracaoException {
    try {
        // Consuming remote method
        String strJson = getService().listEntity(clazz.getName());

        JsonParser parser = new JsonParser();
        JsonArray array = parser.parse(strJson).getAsJsonArray();

        List<T> lst =  new ArrayList<T>();
        for(final JsonElement json: array){
            T entity = GSON.fromJson(json, clazz);
            lst.add(entity);
        }

        return lst;

    } catch (Exception e) {
        throw new WsIntegracaoException(
                "WS method error [listEntity()]", e);
    }
}

回答5:

You can do this with Guava's more powerful TypeToken:

private static <T> Type setModelAndGetCorrespondingList2(Class<T> type) {
    return new TypeToken<ArrayList<T>>() {}
            .where(new TypeParameter<T>() {}, type)
            .getType();
}

回答6:

sun.reflect.generics.reflectiveObjects.ParameterizedTypeImpl workes. No need for custom implementation

Type type = ParameterizedTypeImpl.make(List.class, new Type[]{childrenClazz}, null);
List list = gson.fromJson(json, type);

Can be used with maps and any other collection:

ParameterizedTypeImpl.make(Map.class, new Type[]{String.class, childrenClazz}, null);

Here is nice demo how you can use it in custom deserializer: Deserializing ImmutableList using Gson

回答7:

You can actually do it. You just need to parse first your data into an JsonArray and then transform each object individually, and add it to a List :

Class<T> dataType;

//...

JsonElement root = jsonParser.parse(json);
List<T> data = new ArrayList<>();
JsonArray rootArray = root.getAsJsonArray();
for (JsonElement json : rootArray) {
    try {
        data.add(gson.fromJson(json, dataType));
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}
return data;