How can I debug a .BAT script?

问题:

Is there a way to step through a .bat script? The thing is, I have a build script , which calls a lot of other scripts, and I would like to see what is the order in which they are called, so that I may know where exactly I have to go about and add my modifications.

回答1:

I don't know of anyway to step through the execution of a .bat file but you can use echo and pause to help with debugging.

ECHO
Will echo a message in the batch file. Such as ECHO Hello World will print Hello World on the screen when executed. However, without @ECHO OFF at the beginning of the batch file you'll also get "ECHO Hello World" and "Hello World." Finally, if you'd just like to create a blank line, type ECHO. adding the period at the end creates an empty line.

PAUSE
Prompt the user to press any key to continue.

Source: Batch File Help

@workmad3: answer has more good tips for working with the echo command.

Another helpful resource... DDB: DOS Batch File Tips

回答2:

Make sure there are no 'echo off' statements in the scripts and call 'echo on' after calling each script to reset any you have missed.

The reason is that if echo is left on, then the command interpreter will output each command (after parameter processing) before executing it. Makes it look really bad for using in production, but very useful for debugging purposes as you can see where output has gone wrong.

Also, make sure you are checking the ErrorLevels set by the called batch scripts and programs. Remember that there are 2 different methods used in .bat files for this. If you called a program, the Error level is in %ERRORLEVEL%, while from batch files the error level is returned in the ErrorLevel variable and doesn't need %'s around it.

回答3:

Facing similar concern, I found the following tool with a trivial Google search :

JPSoft's "Take Command" includes a batch file IDE/debugger. Their short presentation video demonstrates it nicely.

I'm using the trial version since a few hours. Here is my first humble opinion:

• On one side, it indeed allows debugging .bat and .cmd scripts and I'm now convinced it can help in quite some cases
• On the other hand, it sometimes blocks and I had to kill it... specially when debugging subscripts (not always systematically).. it doesn't show a "call stack" nor a "step out" button.

It deverves a try.

回答4:

I found 'running steps' (win32) software doing exactly what I was looking for: http://www.steppingsoftware.com/

You can load a bat file, place breakpoints / start stepping through it while seeing the output and environment variables.

The evaluation version only allows to step through 50 lines... Does anyone have a free alternative with similar functionality?

回答5:

rem out the @ECHO OFF and call your batch file redirectin ALL output to a log file..

c:> yourbatch.bat (optional parameters) > yourlogfile.txt 2>&1

found at http://www.robvanderwoude.com/battech_debugging.php

IT WORKS!! don't forget the 2>&1...

WIZ

回答6:

The only way I can think of is spinkle the code with echos and pauses.

回答7:

Did you try to reroute the result to a file? Like whatever.bat >log.txt

You have to make sure that in this case every other called script is also logging to the file like >>log.txt

Also if you put a date /T and time /T in the beginning and in the end of that batch file, you will get the times it was at that point and you can map your script running time and order.

回答8:

Or.... Call your main .bat file from another .bat file and output the result to a result file i.e.

runner.bat > mainresults.txt

Where runner.bat calls the main .bat file

You should see all the actions performed in the main .bat file now

回答9:

This is the correct ansver.

command /y /C   myfile.bat

or command /y /k myfile.bat /y Steps through the batch program specified by /C or /K. (Only available in MS-DOS 6.x and above). /c Steps through the batch program specified by /C or /K. (Only available in MS-DOS 6.x and above).

You maybe want to add other parameters, such as /z for

Does not work for systems below dos 6 or above windows 98. I don't either think it works for windows nt pre 2000. .

I installed msdos 7.1 in virtualbox to verify.

回答10:

or, open a cmd window, then call the batch from there, the output will be on the screen.