Xamarin Passing and checking data to other view us

问题:

So far I can pass the value to the other view but the problem is I don't know how to do this using MVVM. I tried the documentations and tutorial still no luck. How can I achieve this?

The flow of my project:
- The user will login, when the user provides the correct it will return a JSON array that contains the ContactID of the user.
- This ContactID now be pass to the other view. It will be used to synchronize the server to the local database and vice versa

My Questions are:
1. How can I pass the data to other view with MVVM?
2. How can I check if the data is passed correctly?

The Output of the HTTPWebRequest:

[{"ContactID":"1"}]

My Code:

LoginPageViewModel.cs

using Newtonsoft.Json;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Input;
using TBSMobileApplication.Data;
using TBSMobileApplication.View;
using Xamarin.Essentials;
using Xamarin.Forms;

namespace TBSMobileApplication.ViewModel
{
    public class LoginPageViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
    {
        void OnPropertyChanged(string PropertyName)
        {
            PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(PropertyName));
        }

        public string username;
        public string password;

        public string Username
        {
            get { return username; }
            set
            {
                username = value;
                OnPropertyChanged(nameof(Username));
            }
        }

        public string Password
        {
            get { return password; }
            set
            {
                password = value;
                OnPropertyChanged(nameof(Password));
            }
        }

        public class LoggedInUser
        {
            public int ContactID { get; set; }
        }

        public ICommand LoginCommand { get; set; }

        public LoginPageViewModel()
        {
            LoginCommand = new Command(OnLogin);
        }

        public void OnLogin()
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(Username) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(Password))
            {
                MessagingCenter.Send(this, "Login Alert", Username);
            }
            else
            {
                var current = Connectivity.NetworkAccess;

                if (current == NetworkAccess.Internet)
                {
                    var link = "http://192.168.1.25:7777/TBS/test.php?User=" + Username + "&Password=" + Password;
                    var request = HttpWebRequest.Create(string.Format(@link));
                    request.ContentType = "application/json";
                    request.Method = "GET";

                    using (HttpWebResponse response = request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse)
                    {
                        if (response.StatusCode != HttpStatusCode.OK)
                        {
                            Console.Out.WriteLine("Error fetching data. Server returned status code: {0}", response.StatusCode);
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()))
                            {
                                var content = reader.ReadToEnd();

                                if (content.Equals("[]") || string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(content) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(content))
                                {
                                    MessagingCenter.Send(this, "Http", Username);
                                }
                                else
                                {
                                    var result = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<LoggedInUser>>(content);
                                    var contactId = result[0].ContactID;
                                    Application.Current.MainPage.Navigation.PushAsync(new DatabaseSyncPage(contactId), true);
                                }

                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    MessagingCenter.Send(this, "Not Connected", Username);
                }
            }
        }

        public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
    }
}

DatabaseSyncPage.xaml.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

using Xamarin.Forms;
using Xamarin.Forms.Xaml;

namespace TBSMobileApplication.View
{
    [XamlCompilation(XamlCompilationOptions.Compile)]
    public partial class DatabaseSyncPage : ContentPage
    {
        public DatabaseSyncPage (int contanctId)
        {
            InitializeComponent ();
        }
    }
}

回答1:

If you are new to MVVM i would highly recommend using an MVVM helper framework such as Prism, MVVMCross or MVVMLight (there are even more).

I myself use Prism, I believe all of the frameworks are functionally very similar and it comes down more to preference here. I will show you how I pass data between views in my Prism based applications. Before we get started it would be worth to download the prism visual studio extensions and use the template pack to generate a prism project. I use the DryIoc container.

Imagine the scenario where we have ViewA (with ViewAViewModel) and ViewB (with ViewBViewModel). In View A we have an Entry and a Button, when the button is pressed the text from the entry in ViewA is passed to ViewB where it is displayed in a label.

You would first setup your prism project, creating a XAML fronted view for View A & B and then creating 2 class files and creating the relevant View Models (I'll show you how).

Firstly creating the following files:

• ViewA (Xaml content page)
• ViewB (Xaml content page)
• ViewAViewModel (empty class)
• ViewBViewModel (empty class)

In your app.cs register the views and view models:

//You must register these views with prism otherwise your app will crash!
protected override void RegisterTypes(IContainerRegistry containerRegistry)
{
    containerRegistry.RegisterForNavigation<NavigationPage>();
    containerRegistry.RegisterForNavigation<ViewA, ViewAViewModel>();
    containerRegistry.RegisterForNavigation<ViewB, ViewBViewModel>();
}

Now format your view models by adding the following:

public class ViewAViewModel : ViewModelBase
{
    INavigationService _navigationService;

    public ViewAViewModel(INavigationService navigationService) : base(navigationService)
    {
        Title = "ViewA";

        _navigationService = navigationService;
    }
}

Repeat the above step for ViewBViewModel also (changing the relevant names).

Now in the views xaml lets add some stuff! Add the following to ViewA.xaml (inside <ContentPage.Content></ContentPage.Content>:

<StackLayout>
    <Entry Placeholder="Type Here..." Text="{Binding ViewAText}"/>
    <Button Text="Navigate" Command="{Binding OnNavigateCommand}"/>
</StackLayout>

and in ViewB.xaml:

`<Label Text="{Binding TextFromViewA}"/>`

Now I've already added the binding for you, so lets make the properties!

In View Model A add:

private string _viewAText;
public string ViewAText
{
    get { return _viewAText; }
    set { SetProperty(ref _viewAText, value); }
}

public DelegateCommand OnNavigateCommand { get; set; }

private void OnNavigate()
{
    //Do Something
}

Now we have a bindable property and a command for our button press, add the following to the constructor:

public ViewAViewModel(INavigationService navigationService) : base(navigationService)
{
    Title = "ViewA";

    _navigationService = navigationService;

    _viewAText = string.Empty;

    OnNavigateCommand = new DelegateCommand(OnNavigate);
}

Now View A can bind text from the entry control and has an event handler for the command!

Lets hop into View B and wire that up!

Add the property:

private string _textFromViewA;
public string TextFromViewA
{
    get { return _textFromViewA; }
    set { SetProperty(ref _textFromViewA, value); }
}

and in the constructor:

public ViewBViewModel(INavigationService navigationService) : base(navigationService)
{
    Title = "ViewB";

    TextFromViewA = string.Empty;
}

Now the label we added in ViewB is hooked up to the view model. Lets now pass the text from the entry in A to B!

Back in View A add the following to the OnNavigate method:

private void OnNavigate()
{
    NavigationParameters navParams = new NavigationParameters();
    navParams.Add("PassedValue", _viewAText);
    _navigationService.NavigateAsync("ViewB", navParams);
}

The navigation service is incredibly powerful and allows you to pass a dictionary between views (NavigationParameters). In this code we have created some NavigationParameter, added the value of the text in our entry to them and then asked the navigationService (which handles all navigation from viewmodels in Prism) to navigate to ViewB, passing the parameters to it.

In View B we can listen for these parameters using some built in methods provided by Prism. If you type override in ViewBViewModel you will see the methods:

• OnNavigatingTo
• OnNavigatedTo
• OnNavigatedFrom

In this case we want to use OnNavigatingTo (which is fired during the transition between the views). Pull that method in and the following:

public override void OnNavigatingTo(NavigationParameters parameters)
{
    base.OnNavigatingTo(parameters);

    if (parameters.ContainsKey("PassedValue"))
    {
        _textFromViewA = (string)parameters["PassedValue"];

        RaisePropertyChanged("TextFromViewA");
    }
}

Here we check if the parameters contain the value we added (by searching for the dictionary key) and then retrieve the value (casting it to a string since the dictionary is ). We then set the property the label is bound to = to the passed value and then use a prism method, RaisePropertyChanged() to raise a property changed event so that the label's binded value updates!

Below is a gif of the results!

This might be alot to take in. I would advise you start using an MVVM framework asap, they are really easy to use and I would consider them essential to making testable, decoupled MVVM xamarin apps!

For more on how prism works, I'd suggest to go read the docs and watch Brian Lagunas' appearance on the Xamarin Show!

Good Luck!

回答2:

i had implemented the same and hope this helps you.

i have create a loginViewModel

  public class LoginVerificationVM : BaseViewModel // INotifyPropertyChanged
{
   private INavigation _navigation;
   private string usermobileno;
   public string UserMobileNo     
 { get { return usermobileno; }set  { usermobileno = value;
           OnPropertyChanged("UserMobileNo");     }

   }

 public LoginVerificationVM(INavigation navigation, string mobileno)
    {
        UserMobileNo = mobileno;
        _navigation = navigation;
    }

 public Command Login
    {
        get
        {
            return new Command(async () =>
            {
                bool status = await WebApi.CheckNetWorkStatus();
                if (status == false)
                {
                    MessageClass.messagesWindow("Check Ur Connectivity");
                    this.Isvisible = false;

                    return;
                }
                Isvisible = true;
                UserAuth ud = new UserAuth();
                ud.username = UserMobileNo;  // UserMobileNo;
                ud.password = Password;     // Password
                ud.grant_type = "password";  //GrantType
                Isvisible = true;
                //  IsBusy = false;
                    await Task.Delay(100);
                var json = Task.Run(() => WebApi.GetUserAuth(ud)).Result;
                //  IsBusy = false;
                if (json.ErrorMessage == "true")
                {
                    Application.Current.MainPage = new MasterPages.MasterPage(json.access_token);  //or use   _navigation.PushAsync(new ForgotPasswordOTP(UserMobileNo));
                }
                else
                {
                    MessageClass.messagesWindow(json.ErrorMessage);
                }
                Isvisible = false;
            });
        }
    }

}

Xaml Code

   <Entry x:Name="PasswordEntry" Grid.Row="2" IsPassword="True" Placeholder="******" HorizontalTextAlignment="Center" FontAttributes="Bold" TextColor="Black"  WidthRequest="150" HeightRequest="35" FontSize="13" Text="{Binding Password, Mode=TwoWay}" >

 <Button x:Name="Login" Grid.Row="3" HorizontalOptions="Center" BorderRadius="8"  Text="Login" WidthRequest="100" BackgroundColor="#f7941d" TextColor="White" Command="{Binding Login}" IsEnabled="{Binding Active,Mode=TwoWay}">

here is implementation to get data on navigated page view model

  public ForgotPasswordOTP(string Ph)
    {
        InitializeComponent();

        BindingContext = new ForgotPasswordOTPViewModel(this.Navigation,Ph);
    }

and the last thing you need to do is bind your view with your viewmodel

** BindingContext = new LoginVerificationVM(this.Navigation);**

And the answer for the last question is you need to deserialize json in c# which can be done in following way

   var userData = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<YourObject>(result);