Cleartext HTTP traffic to 192.168.1.2 not permitte

问题:

String login_url = "http://192.168.1.2/login.php";   
URL url = new URL(login_url");
HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = 
(HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
httpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true);
httpURLConnection.setDoInput(true);
OutputStream outputStream = httpURLConnection.getOutputStream();
....

I want to send a request to wampserver but Android Studio stops the execution with that message on the title. What is wrong? I just updated my Android Studio to the latest version (P). That wasn't an error before and I could work properly... How can I fix this?

回答1:

According to Network security configuration -

Starting with Android 9.0 (API level 28), cleartext support is disabled by default.

Also have a look at - https://koz.io/android-m-and-the-war-on-cleartext-traffic/

Option 1 -

Create file res/xml/network_security_config.xml -

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<network-security-config>
    <domain-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true">
        <domain includeSubdomains="true">Your URL(ex: 127.0.0.1)</domain>
    </domain-config>
</network-security-config>

AndroidManifest.xml -

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest ...>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
    <application
        ...
        android:networkSecurityConfig="@xml/network_security_config"
        ...>
        ...
    </application>
</manifest>

Option 2 -

AndroidManifest.xml -

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest ...>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
    <application
        ...
        android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"
        ...>
        ...
    </application>
</manifest>

Also as @david.s' answer pointed out android:targetSandboxVersion can be a problem too -

According to Manifest Docs -

android:targetSandboxVersion

The target sandbox for this app to use. The higher the sandbox version number, the higher the level of security. Its default value is 1; you can also set it to 2. Setting this attribute to 2 switches the app to a different SELinux sandbox. The following restrictions apply to a level 2 sandbox:

• The default value of usesCleartextTraffic in the Network Security Config is false.
• Uid sharing is not permitted.

So Option 3 -

If you have android:targetSandboxVersion in <manifest> then reduce it to 1

AndroidManifest.xml -

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest android:targetSandboxVersion="1">
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
    ...
</manifest>