How to read connection string in .NET Core?

问题:

I want to read just a connection string from a configuration file and for this add a file with the name "appsettings.json" to my project and add this content on it:

{
"ConnectionStrings": {
  "DefaultConnection": "Server=(localdb)\\mssqllocaldb;Database=aspnet-

 WebApplica71d622;Trusted_Connection=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=true"
  },
    "Logging": {
    "IncludeScopes": false,
    "LogLevel": {
    "Default": "Debug",
    "System": "Information",
    "Microsoft": "Information"
   }
 }
}

On ASP.NET I used this:

 var temp=ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["DefaultConnection"].ConnectionString;

Now how can I read "DefaultConnection" in C# and store it on a string variable in .NET Core?

回答1:

You can do this with the GetConnectionString extension-method:

string conString = Microsoft
   .Extensions
   .Configuration
   .ConfigurationExtensions
   .GetConnectionString(this.Configuration, "DefaultConnection");

System.Console.WriteLine(conString);

or with a structured-class for DI:

public class SmtpConfig
{
    public string Server { get; set; }
    public string User { get; set; }
    public string Pass { get; set; }
    public int Port { get; set; }
}

Startup:

public IConfigurationRoot Configuration { get; }


// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    // http://developer.telerik.com/featured/new-configuration-model-asp-net-core/
    // services.Configure<SmtpConfig>(Configuration.GetSection("Smtp"));
    Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.OptionsConfigurationServiceCollectionExtensions.Configure<SmtpConfig>(services, Configuration.GetSection("Smtp"));

And then in the home-controller:

public class HomeController : Controller
{

    public SmtpConfig SmtpConfig { get; }
    public HomeController(Microsoft.Extensions.Options.IOptions<SmtpConfig> smtpConfig)
    {
        SmtpConfig = smtpConfig.Value;
    } //Action Controller


    public IActionResult Index()
    {
        System.Console.WriteLine(SmtpConfig);
        return View();
    }

with this in appsettings.json:

"ConnectionStrings": {
"DefaultConnection": "Server=(localdb)\\mssqllocaldb;Database=aspnet-WebApplica71d622;Trusted_Connection=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=true"
},

"Smtp": {
    "Server": "0.0.0.1",
    "User": "[e-mail]",
    "Pass": "123456789",
    "Port": "25"
  }

回答2:

The posted answer is fine but didn't directly answer the same question I had about reading in a connection string. Through much searching I found a slightly simpler way of doing this.

In Startup.cs

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    ...
    // Add the whole configuration object here.
    services.AddSingleton<IConfiguration>(Configuration);
}

In your controller add a field for the configuration and a parameter for it on a constructor

private readonly IConfiguration configuration;

public HomeController(IConfiguration config) 
{
    configuration = config;
}

Now later in your view code you can access it like:

connectionString = configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection");

回答3:

See link for more info: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/ef/core/miscellaneous/connection-strings

JSON

    {
      "ConnectionStrings": {
        "BloggingDatabase": "Server=(localdb)\\mssqllocaldb;Database=EFGetStarted.ConsoleApp.NewDb;Trusted_Connection=True;"
      },
    }

C# Startup.cs

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    services.AddDbContext<BloggingContext>(options =>
        options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("BloggingDatabase")));
}

回答4:

The way that I found to resolve this was to use AddJsonFile in a builder at Startup (which allows it to find the configuration stored in the appsettings.json file) and then use that to set a private _config variable

public Startup(IHostingEnvironment env)
    {
        var builder = new ConfigurationBuilder()
            .SetBasePath(env.ContentRootPath)
            .AddJsonFile("appsettings.json", optional: true, reloadOnChange: true)
            .AddJsonFile($"appsettings.{env.EnvironmentName}.json", optional: true)
            .AddEnvironmentVariables();
        _config = builder.Build();
    }

And then I could set the configuration string as follows:

var connectionString = _config.GetConnectionString("DbContextSettings:ConnectionString"); 

This is on dotnet core 1.1

回答5:

You can use configuration extension method : getConnectionString ("DefaultConnection")

https://docs.asp.net/projects/api/en/latest/autoapi/Microsoft/Extensions/Configuration/ConfigurationExtensions/index.html#Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.ConfigurationExtensions.GetConnectionString