URL string format for connecting to Oracle databas

问题:

I'm a newbie to Java-related web development, and I can't seem to get a simple program with JDBC working. I'm using off-the-shelf Oracle 10g XE and the Eclipse EE IDE. From the books and web pages I've checked so far, I've narrowed the problem down to either an incorrectly written database URL or a missing JAR file. I'm getting the following error:

java.sql.SQLException: No suitable driver found for jdbc:oracle://127.0.0.1:8080

with the following code:

import java.sql.*;

public class DatabaseTestOne {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String url = "jdbc:oracle://127.0.0.1:8080";
        String username = "HR";
        String password = "samplepass";

        String sql = "SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE LAST_NAME='King'";
        Connection connection;
        try {
            connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
            Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
            System.out.println(statement.execute(sql));
            connection.close();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            System.err.println(e);
        }
    }
}

What is the proper format for a database URL, anyways? They're mentioned a lot but I haven't been able to find a description.

EDIT (the resolution):

Based on duffymo's answer, I got ojdbc14.jar from Oracle's download site and dropped it in the Eclipse project's Referenced Libraries. Then I changed the start of the code to

...
// jdbc:oracle:thin:@<hostname>:<port>:<sid>
String url = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@GalacticAC:1521:xe";
...

and it worked.

回答1:

Look here.

Your URL is quite incorrect. Should look like this:

url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl"

You don't register a driver class, either. You want to download the thin driver JAR, put it in your CLASSPATH, and make your code look more like this.

UPDATE: The "14" in "ojdbc14.jar" stands for JDK 1.4. You should match your driver version with the JDK you're running. I'm betting that means JDK 5 or 6.

回答2:

There are two ways to set this up. If you have an SID, use this (older) format:

jdbc:oracle:thin:@[HOST][:PORT]:SID

If you have an Oracle service name, use this (newer) format:

jdbc:oracle:thin:@//[HOST][:PORT]/SERVICE

Source: this OraFAQ page

The call to getConnection() is correct.

Also, as duffymo said, make sure the actual driver code is present by including ojdbc6.jar in the classpath, where the number corresponds to the Java version you're using.

回答3:

The correct format for url can be one of the following formats:

jdbc:oracle:thin:@<hostName>:<portNumber>:<sid>;  (if you have sid)
jdbc:oracle:thin:@//<hostName>:<portNumber>/serviceName; (if you have oracle service name)

And don't put any space there. Try to use 1521 as port number. sid (database name) must be the same as the one which is in environment variables (if you are using windows).

回答4:

if you are using oracle 10g expree Edition then:
1. for loading class use DriverManager.registerDriver (new oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver()); 2. for connecting to database use Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:thin:username/password@localhost:1521:xe");

回答5:

DriverManager.registerDriver(new oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver());         
connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:thin:@machinename:portnum:schemaname","userid","password");

回答6:

I'm not a Java developer so unfortunatly I can't comment on your code directly however I found this in an Oracle FAQ regarding the form of a connection string

jdbc:oracle:<drivertype>:<username/password>@<database>

From the Oracle JDBC FAQ

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/jdbc-faq-090281.html#05_03

Hope that helps