Platform-independent GUID generation in C++?

问题:

What is the best way to programmatically generate a GUID or UUID in C++ without relying on a platform-specific tool? I am trying to make unique identifiers for objects in a simulation, but can't rely on Microsoft's implementation as the project is cross-platform.

Notes:

• Since this is for a simulator, I don't really need cryptographic randomness.
• It would be best if this is a 32 bit number.

回答1:

If you can afford to use Boost, then there is a UUID library that should do the trick. It's very straightforward to use - check the documentation and this answer.

回答2:

on linux: man uuid

on win: check out for UUID structure and UuidCreate function in msdn

[edit] the function would appear like this

extern "C"
{
#ifdef WIN32
#include <Rpc.h>
#else
#include <uuid/uuid.h>
#endif
}

std::string newUUID()
{
#ifdef WIN32
    UUID uuid;
    UuidCreate ( &uuid );

    unsigned char * str;
    UuidToStringA ( &uuid, &str );

    std::string s( ( char* ) str );

    RpcStringFreeA ( &str );
#else
    uuid_t uuid;
    uuid_generate_random ( uuid );
    char s[37];
    uuid_unparse ( uuid, s );
#endif
    return s;
}

回答3:

If you cannot afford to use Boost, then there is a very minimal library that I implemented which simply acts as a wrapper around each operating system's native guid implementation. It should work on Windows (using CoCreateGuid), Linux (using libuuid), MacOS (using CFUUID), iOS (also using CFUUID), and Android (using JNI calls to java.util.UUID). The guid generation function has a different implementation on each system but there is single generic implementation for comparing, stringifying, and parsing.

It is MIT licensed and available on GitHub:

https://github.com/graeme-hill/crossguid

回答4:

Simply using whatever guid/uuid is present on the target platform is best. Doing it right is hard (let's go shopping ;)).

The probability of a collision between any two identifiers from different but well executed implementations should be well beyond any reasonable chance of happening in this universe's lifetime.

回答5:

A GUID generator usually relies on hardware characteristics of the machine, usually stuff like MAC addresses or IPs. The only thing you can do which is absolutely platform independent is use some kind of PRNG seeded manually or seeded from some time source. This usually does not generate a true globally unique identifier in the sense that you are guaranteed that no one in the world generates the same number.

回答6:

Well one offbeat(?) solution would be to use a web service to get the GUID but I doubt this will be a good solution for a C++ program especially if it's not network enabled.

Here is a URL which might come in handy if you choose to pursue this option: http://www.hoskinson.net/GuidGenerator/default.asp